Daily Variation of Particulate Air Pollution and Poor Cardiac Autonomic Control in the Elderly

Liao, Duanping; Creason, John P.; Shy, Carl M.; Williams, Ron; Watts, Randall R; Zweidinger, Roy B.

doi:10.2307/3434393

Cited by 55 publications

(69 citation statements)

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“…(Sax and Lewis 1989). Recent studies have focused on the effect of particulate matter on the cardiovascular systems and found that elevated concentrations of fine particulate matter were associated with lower heart variability (Pope et al 1999;Liao et al 1999;Gold et al 2000). Such reports have given the basis for investigation of environmental contaminants among inhabitants surrounding environments and factors that contribute in these contaminants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Study of personal–indoor–ambient fine particulate matters among school communities in mixed urban–industrial environment in India

Gadkari¹

2009

Environ Monit Assess

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The present study is focused on the relationship of school community personal exposure of respirable particulate matter (RPM) with its indoor and ambient outdoor component. A representative longitudinal study design has been adopted. School community is divided into two categories: (1) subjects of science discipline and (2) subjects of nonscience discipline. On the basis of local meteorological parameters and school building constructions, three schools have been identified for the study. Selected subjects have been monitored for 24-h personal RPM exposure along with school indoor and respective outdoor RPM. Paired samples of ambient PM(10) and RPM were collected to establish the correlation between them. Regressions between school indoor and ambient outdoor RPM have shown strong positive relationships in case of two schools having moderate ventilation. The highest RPM to PM(10) ratio (0.62) has occurred at school X located near the steel plant downwind. Almost all indoor and ambient outdoor RPM levels exceed Indian National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS; 60 microg m( - 3)). Highest levels of indoor and ambient outdoor RPM have occurred in school X located near the steel plant. Subjects belonging to the school located near the steel plant (school X) have shown five to six times higher values of RPM compared to NAAQS standards.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Study of personal–indoor–ambient fine particulate matters among school communities in mixed urban–industrial environment in India

Gadkari¹

2009

Environ Monit Assess

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“…Exposure to PM may account for as many as 60,000 cardiopulmonary deaths each year in the United States [National Resource Defense Council (NRDC) 1996; U.S. EPA 1996]. Reports of changes in heart rate and heart rate variability suggest that altered cardiac electrophysiological processes play a role in PM-induced morbidity and mortality (Liao et al 1999;NRDC 1996;Peters et al 2000). Additionally, several studies have reported correlations between PM exposure and cardiovascular inflammatory responses, which could lead to ischemic events (Pekkanen et al 2002;Peters et al 2001;Ross 1999), or alternatively, could induce electrical remodeling of the myocardium.…”

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confidence: 99%

Metal particulate matter components affect gene expression and beat frequency of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes.

Graff

Cascio

Brackhan

et al. 2004

Environ Health Perspect

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Soluble particulate matter (PM) components (e.g., metals) have the potential to be absorbed into the bloodstream and transported to the heart where they might induce the expression of inflammatory cytokines and remodel electrical properties. We exposed cultured rat ventricular myocytes to similar concentrations of two metals [zinc (Zn) and vanadium (V)] found commonly in PM and measured changes in spontaneous beat rate. We found statistically significant reductions in spontaneous beat rate after both short-term (4-hr) and long-term (24-hr) exposures, with a more substantial effect seen with Zn. We also measured the expression of genes associated with inflammation and a number of sarcolemmal proteins associated with electrical impulse conduction. Exposure to Zn or V (6.25-50 microM) for 6 hr produced significant increases in IL-6, IL-1 alpha, heat shock protein 70, and connexin 43 (Cx43). After 24 hr exposure, Zn induced significant changes in the gene expression of Kv4.2 and KvLQt (potassium channel proteins), the alpha 1 subunit of the L-type calcium channel, and Cx43, as well as IL-6 and IL-1 alpha. In contrast, V produced a greater effect on Cx43 and affected only one ion channel (KvLQT1). These results show that exposure of rat cardiac myocytes to noncytotoxic concentrations of Zn and V alter spontaneous beat rate as well as the expression of ion channels and sarcolemmal proteins relevant to electrical remodeling and slowing of spontaneous beat rate, with Zn producing a more profound effect. As such, these data suggest that the cardiac effects of PM are largely determined by the relative metal composition of particles.

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“…On this basis the "sequence" technique [23] is able to extract from SAP and RR time series sequences of spontaneously occurring consecutive beats in which SAP and RR of the following beat change in the same direction, that is hypertensive/bradycardic (SAP+/RR+) and hypotensive/tachycardic sequences (SAP−/RR−). These sequences have been named "baroreflex sequences" and have been considered as expression of negative feedback mechanisms of baroreflex origin [2] (Figure 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is strong evidence that episodic high levels of airborne particulate matter (PM) are associated with stroke, heart attacks, heart arrhythmias, and sudden death [1]; these events may be precipitated, at least in part, by alterations in the autonomic input to the heart [2][3][4][5], which can be displayed by a partial or total loss in spontaneous heart rate variability (HRV). Indeed, decreased HRV is highly predictive for increased risk of arrythmias and sudden cardiac death [6], especially in subjects with ischemic heart disease [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in Cardiac Autonomic Regulation after Acute Lung Exposure to Carbon Nanotubes: Implications for Occupational Exposure

Legramante

Sacco

Crobeddu

et al. 2012

Journal of Nanomaterials

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are among the most relevant engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). Given the expected rise of exposure to ENMs, there is concern that they may adversely affect health of exposed people. Aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) pulmonary exposure acutely affect the autonomic cardiovascular regulation in conscious rats. We studied Wistar-Kyoto rats in which a telemetry transmitter for continuous arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR) recordings was surgically implanted. SWCNTs dispersed in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) or PBS alone were randomly administered intratracheally. Immediately before, and 24 hours after each instillation a 30 min AP recording was performed. The sequence analysis was performed to evaluate the baroreflex function. In the control group, PBS instillation did not induce any significant changes. At variance the SWCNT exposure induced a significant reduction of baroreflex system (BRS) (3.5±0.6versus2.6±0.40 msec/mmHg) without significant changes in the occurrence of baroreflex sequences (7.5±0.47% versus7.4±0.38%). Our results show that SWCNT pulmonary exposure might affect the cardiovascular autonomic regulation thus contributing to cardiac and arrhythmic events.

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Daily Variation of Particulate Air Pollution and Poor Cardiac Autonomic Control in the Elderly

Cited by 55 publications

References 0 publications

Study of personal–indoor–ambient fine particulate matters among school communities in mixed urban–industrial environment in India

Study of personal–indoor–ambient fine particulate matters among school communities in mixed urban–industrial environment in India

Metal particulate matter components affect gene expression and beat frequency of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes.

Changes in Cardiac Autonomic Regulation after Acute Lung Exposure to Carbon Nanotubes: Implications for Occupational Exposure

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