Daily Passive Muscle Stretching Improves Flow-Mediated Dilation of Popliteal Artery and 6-minute Walk Test in Elderly Patients with Stable Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease

Hotta, Kyoko; Batchelor, Wayne; Graven, James; Dahya, Vishal; Noel, Thomas; Ghai, Akash; Katopodis, John N.; Dixon, William C.; Andrews, Rebecca; Pragle, Aimee; Chheda, Jegghna; Liberatore, Lia; Behnke, Brad J.; Muller‐Delp, Judy M.

doi:10.1016/j.carrev.2019.05.003

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria, duplicate studies, studies with no reported change in outcome, and studies for which the full text was unavailable were excluded. From 69 potentially relevant citations retrieved from electronic database searches and manual searches of the reference lists, six RCTs [ 7 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ] and two non-RCTs [ 20 , 21 ] fulfilled the inclusion criteria ( Figure 1 ). The included studies had a total of 213 participants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proportion of females ranged from 0 to 100%. One of the eight studies included subjects with stable chronic heart failure [ 18 ], one included subjects with stable peripheral artery disease [ 19 ], and one included subjects with metabolic syndrome and chronic diseases [ 21 ]. The remaining five studies included subjects without cardiovascular disease or lifestyle-related diseases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Efficacy of Stretching Exercises on Arterial Stiffness in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized and Non-Randomized Controlled Trials

Kato

Green²,

Hotta

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Background: Aerobic exercise is known to reduce arterial stiffness; however, high-intensity resistance exercise is associated with increased arterial stiffness. Stretching exercises are another exercise modality, and their effect on arterial stiffness remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine whether stretching exercises reduce arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults, performing the first meta-analysis of currently available studies. Methods: We searched the literature for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs published up to January 2020 describing middle-aged and older adults who participated in a stretching intervention vs. controls without exercise training. The primary and secondary outcomes were changes in arterial stiffness and vascular endothelial function and hemodynamic status. Pooled mean differences (MDs) and standard MDs (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between the intervention and control groups were calculated using a random effects model. Results: We identified 69 trials and, after an assessment of relevance, eight trials, including a combined total of 213 subjects, were analyzed. Muscle stretching exercises were shown to significantly reduce arterial stiffness and improve vascular endothelial function (SMD: −1.00, 95% CI: −1.57 to −0.44, p = 0.0004; SMD: 1.15, 95% CI: 0.26 to 2.03, p = 0.01, respectively). Resting heart rate (HR) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) decreased significantly after stretching exercise intervention (MD: −0.95 beats/min, 95% CI: −1.67 to −0.23 beats/min, p = 0.009; MD: −2.72 mm Hg, 95% CI: −4.01 to −1.43 mm Hg, p < 0.0001, respectively) Conclusions: Our analyses suggest that stretching exercises reduce arterial stiffness, HR, and DBP, and improve vascular endothelial function in middle-aged and older adults.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Efficacy of Stretching Exercises on Arterial Stiffness in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized and Non-Randomized Controlled Trials

Kato

Green²,

Hotta

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…For example, rehabilitation for patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) often includes exercise that has poor adherence due to the discomfort associated with exercise (Hotta et al . 2019). Consequently, demand exists for alternative interventions that provide exercise‐like adaptations.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Following 4 weeks of stretch training the patients with PAD exhibited a 38% increase in leg vascular function, assessed by FMD, which was associated with a measurable improvement in exercise tolerance (Hotta et al . 2019). While the vascular adaptations to stretch training may be less than those of aerobic training, the stretch training is feasible for these patients and elicits clinically meaningful results.…”

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Stretching‐based vascular rehabilitation? it's not a stretch

Gifford

2020

The Journal of Physiology

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Cross‐sectional and longitudinal associations between body flexibility and sarcopenia

Gao

Gan

et al. 2022

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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BackgroundThe associations between body flexibility and sarcopenia were not well understood. This study aimed to explore the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of flexibility with sarcopenia. Methods Our study selected participants aged 50-80 from the WELL-China cohort and the Lanxi cohort. Participants from the urban area of the Lanxi cohort were followed up 4 years later. Body flexibility was measured by the sit-andreach test. Muscle mass was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Muscle strength was evaluated using handgrip strength. Sarcopenia was defined as having both low muscle mass and low muscle strength. We used multivariable logistic regressions to assess the cross-sectional associations of body flexibility with low muscle mass, low muscle strength and sarcopenia. We also used multivariable logistic regressions to explore the associations of baseline flexibility and 4-year changes in flexibility with incident low muscle mass, low muscle strength and sarcopenia. Results A total of 9453 participants were enrolled in the cross-sectional study, and 1233 participants were included in the longitudinal analyses. In the cross-sectional analyses, compared with low body flexibility, high body flexibility was inversely associated with low muscle mass (odds ratio [OR], 0.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.50-0.68; P < 0.001), low muscle strength (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.55-0.69; P < 0.001) and sarcopenia (OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.41-0.65; P < 0.001), and these associations did not differ in different age groups, sex or physical activity levels. In the longitudinal analyses, compared with participants with low body flexibility, participants with high body flexibility had lower risk of the incident low muscle strength (OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.38-0.74; P < 0.001) and sarcopenia (OR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.21-0.61; P < 0.001), but not incident low muscle mass (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.33-1.06; P = 0.076). Every 1cm increase in flexibility during 4 years was associated with reduced risk of incident low muscle mass (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.93-1.00; P = 0.025), low muscle strength (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94-0.98; P = 0.002) and sarcopenia (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.93-0.99; P = 0.007). ConclusionsHigh flexibility was associated with reduced risk of incident low muscle strength and sarcopenia. Increases in flexibility were associated with reduced risk of incident low muscle mass, low muscle strength and sarcopenia. Flexibility exercises and monitoring the dynamic change of flexibility might be helpful in preventing sarcopenia among adults aged 50 years or over. Keywords change in flexibility; change in muscle mass and muscle strength; muscle mass; muscle strength; sit-and-reach test

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Daily Passive Muscle Stretching Improves Flow-Mediated Dilation of Popliteal Artery and 6-minute Walk Test in Elderly Patients with Stable Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease

Cited by 22 publications

References 36 publications

The Efficacy of Stretching Exercises on Arterial Stiffness in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized and Non-Randomized Controlled Trials

The Efficacy of Stretching Exercises on Arterial Stiffness in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized and Non-Randomized Controlled Trials

Stretching‐based vascular rehabilitation? it's not a stretch

Cross‐sectional and longitudinal associations between body flexibility and sarcopenia

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