Daily, Monthly, and Seasonal Pattern of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) Occurrence in Western Iran; a CrossSectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Determining seasonal pattern of AMI may contribute to disease prevention and better treatment.
 Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate daily, monthly, and seasonal pattern for symptoms҆ onset in the patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and also other possible associated factors.
 Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 777 patients diagnosed with STEMI admitted at the Imam Ali Cardiovascular Hospital affiliated with Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah province, Iran from March 2018 to February 2019. Data were collected using a checklist developed based on the study's objectives. Differences between subgroups were assessed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukeys҆ post‐hoc test and Chi-Square test (or Fishers҆ exact test).
 Results: Out of 777 patients, 616 (79.3%) of them were male. Mean age of the patients was (mean±SD) equal to 60.93±12.86 years old. Occurrence of STEMI was most common in winter (38.4%), followed by autumn (27.8%), spring (22.9%), and summer (10.9%), respectively. Monthly occurrence of AMI was at the highest level in January (10.8%) and December (9.9%), and it was at the lowest level in July (4.9 %). Most patients were admitted on Fridays (15.8%) and Wednesdays (15.6%). Hypercholesterolemia, prior congestive heart failure (CHF), prior MI, prior stroke, prior atrial fibrillation (AF), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides, total cholesterol, creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and creatine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB) were significantly associated with seasonal pattern of STEMI (p-value<0.05).
 Conclusions: Results of the present study on Iranian patients with STEMI revealed that AMI occurred more frequently on Wednesdays and Fridays and during winter from December to January compared to the other days of the week, months, and seasons.

Effect of short‐term dynamic psychotherapy on sexual function and marital satisfaction in women with depression: Clinical trial study

“…30 Patients with moderate-to-severe depression in the community mental health system exhibited moderate-to-large effect sizes in favor of brief dynamic psychotherapy over traditional treatment in a randomized pilot study. 22,[31][32][33] However, empirical evidence on the effectiveness of psychodynamic psychotherapy in patients with depressive symptoms in primary care settings is limited. 34 According to the results, intensive dynamic psychotherapy for a shorter amount of time was beneficial in lowering depressive symptoms and inadequate and immature defensive styles and raising defensive styles after treatment.…”

“…Depressive disorders and their treatment are a major concern due to their high prevalence and high burden in terms of disability, treatment costs, effects on families and carers, and loss of workplace productivity Effectiveness of Short‐Term Dynamic Group Psychotherapy in Primary Care for Patients with Depressive Symptoms. Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide and contributes significantly to the global disease burden 16–22 …”

“…When compared to control conditions, a recent meta‐analysis of 23 studies, including short‐term psychodynamic psychotherapy for depression, indicated a significant reduction in depressive symptoms 30 . Patients with moderate‐to‐severe depression in the community mental health system exhibited moderate‐to‐large effect sizes in favor of brief dynamic psychotherapy over traditional treatment in a randomized pilot study 22,31–33 . However, empirical evidence on the effectiveness of psychodynamic psychotherapy in patients with depressive symptoms in primary care settings is limited 34 .…”

“…Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide and contributes significantly to the global disease burden. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] When life is seen to be a tough process, psychotherapy treats emotional or psychological suffering as its major emphasis. It reveals how the mind is involved in the effort to face and endure pain, as well as how barriers or systems are built to prevent suffering from occurring.…”

Evaluation of clinical ethics in Iranian hospitals: Employing a 360° approach—A cross‐sectional study

“…Although considering the codes of ethics is necessary for all professions, as this indicator in the medical profession is even more obligatory as spiritual and responsible behavior with patients has a strong effect on improving and restoring their health 7 . Clinical ethics can be defined as the recognition, analysis, and resolution of value conflicts that arise during health care in hospitals and treatment centers 8–12 . Clinical ethics has traditionally focused on the issues such as informed consent, confidentiality and privacy, the ability to make decisions about disabled groups, and end‐of‐life care 13 .…”