Daily ingestion of a nutritional probiotic supplement enhances innate immune function in healthy adults

Berman, Sheryl H.; Eichelsdoerfer, Petra; Yim, Daesong; Elmer, Gary W.; Wenner, Cynthia A.

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2006.08.002

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The increased activity of neutrophil respiratory burst enzymes in the present study would correlate with increased pathogen killing potential of phagocytes. These results on stimulation of phagocytic activity by feeding probiotic lactobacilli are in agreement with other studies that reported significant increases in granulocyte phagocytosis after administration of probiotics . These observations are also supported by a clinical study in which treatment with L. casei Shirota (6.5 × 10 9 ) three times daily for 4 weeks resulted in greater phagocytic capacity of neutrophils in alcoholic cirrhotic patients than in healthy controls .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparison of innate immune activation after prolonged feeding of milk fermented with three species of Lactobacilli

Kapila¹,

Sebastian²,

D³

et al. 2013

Microbiology and Immunology

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The present investigation aimed at identifying the abilities of three different species of probiotic lactobacilli to modulate cellular immune responses in mouse neutrophils and macrophages in vivo over a study period of 60 days. Neutrophil respiratory burst enzymes (cytochrome c reductase and MPO) showed remarkable increased activity (P 0.01) after consumption of milks fermented by different species of probiotics over 30 and 60 days of feeding trials. Enzyme activities (b-galactosidase and bglucuronidase) and nitric oxide production also increased considerably (P 0.01) in macrophages, both in peritoneal fluid and in enriched cell cultures. The effects of enhanced enzyme activities were corroborated by simultaneous increases in the phagocytic activities of neutrophils and macrophages. The increases in cellular functions were invariably maximal during the first 30 days of study and were maintained, but did not increase, over the next 30 days. Further, Lactobacillus helveticus-fed groups were most effective at modulating neutrophil functions whereas Lactobacillus paracasei-fed groups were more potent at enhancing macrophage functions. Together, our results indicate that probiotics have strain specific effects on stimulating cellular functions while not causing excessive stimulation of the immune system over longer feeding periods, thereby resulting in maximum and stable health benefits.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparison of innate immune activation after prolonged feeding of milk fermented with three species of Lactobacilli

Kapila¹,

Sebastian²,

D³

et al. 2013

Microbiology and Immunology

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“…Non‐stimulated cultures were shown as negative control. Each bar represents the mean of 6 to 19 blood donors and the error bars represent standard deviation [49]. * P < 0·05, ** P < 0·01, *** P < 0·001 compared with non‐stimulated cultures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective effects of Lactobacillus casei Shirota on T cell activation, natural killer cell activity and cytokine production

Dong

Rowland

Tuohy

et al. 2010

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SummaryModulation of host immunity is an important potential mechanism by which probiotics confer health benefits. This study was designed to investigate the effects of a probiotic strain, Lactobacillus casei Shirota (LcS), on immune function using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in vitro. In addition, the role of monocytes in LcS-induced immunity was also explored. LcS promoted natural killer (NK) cell activity and preferentially induced expression of CD69 and CD25 on CD8+ and CD56 + subsets in the absence of any other stimulus. LcS also induced production of interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-a, IL-12 and IL-10 in the absence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In the presence of LPS, LcS enhanced IL-1b production but inhibited LPS-induced IL-10 and IL-6 production, and had no further effect on TNF-a and IL-12 production. Monocyte depletion reduced significantly the impact of LcS on lymphocyte activation, cytokine production and natural killer (NK) cell activity. In conclusion, LcS activated cytotoxic lymphocytes preferentially in both the innate and specific immune systems, which suggests that LcS could potentiate the destruction of infected cells in the body. LcS also induced both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine production in the absence of LPS, but in some cases inhibited LPSinduced cytokine production. Monocytes play an important role in LcSinduced immunological responses.

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“…Oxidative burst activity was measured using the Bursttest (Phagoburst ® ) (Orpegen Pharma GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany), as specified by the manufacturer. The Bursttest kit has been used for quantifying neutrophil oxidative burst activity in previous research(3). For all samples (Stimulated, Control, Unstimulated), 900 μL of PBS were added to 100 μL of lithium heparinised whole blood (BD Vacutainer), followed by 10 μL of Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (Orpegen Pharma) (into tubes; Stimulated (includes all reagents) and Unstimulated (all reagents except Dihydrorhodamine (DHR)) and incubated in a bath at 37C.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The open window of susceptibility to infection after acute exercise in healthy young male elite athletes

Kakanis

Peake

Brenu

et al. 2010

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport

132

141

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The 'open window' theory is characterised by short term suppression of the immune system following an acute bout of endurance exercise. This window of opportunity may allow for an increase in susceptibility to upper respiratory illness (URI). Many studies have indicated a decrease in immune function in response to exercise. However, many studies do not indicate changes in immune function past 2 hours after the completion of exercise, consequently failing to determine whether these immune cells numbers, or importantly their function, return to resting levels before the start of another bout of exercise. 2 Ten male 'A' grade cyclists (age 24.2 ± 5.3 years; body mass 73.8 ± 6.5 kg; VO2max 65.9 ± 7.1 mL.kg -1 .min -1 ) exercised for two hours at 90% of their second ventilatory threshold. Blood samples were collected pre-, immediately post-, 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours, and 24 hours post-exercise. Immune variables examined included total leukocyte counts, neutrophil function (oxidative burst and phagocytic function), lymphocyte subset counts (CD4 + , CD8 + , and CD16 + /56 + ), natural killer cell activity (NKCA), and NK phenotypes (CD56 dim CD16 + , and CD56 bright CD16 -).There was a significant increase in total lymphocyte numbers from pre-, to immediately postexercise (p<0.01), followed by a significant decrease at 2 hours post-exercise (p<0.001). CD4 + T-cell counts significantly increased from pre-exercise, to 4 hours post-(p<0.05), and 6 hours post-exercise (p<0.01). However, NK (CD16 + /56 + ) cell numbers decreased significantly from pre-exercise to 4 h post-exercise (p<0.05), to 6 h post-exercise (p<0.05), and to 8 h post-exercise (p<0.01). In contrast, CD56 bright CD16 -NK cell counts significantly increased from pre-exercise to immediately post-exercise (p<0.01). Neutrophil oxidative burst activity did not significantly change in response to exercise, while neutrophil cell counts significantly increased from preexercise, to immediately post-exercise (p<0.05), and 2 hours post-exercise (p<0.01), and remained significantly above pre-exercise levels to 8 hours post-exercise (p<0.01). Neutrophil phagocytic function significantly decreased from 2 hours post-exercise, to 6 hours post-(p<0.05), and 24 hours post-exercise (p<0.05). Finally, eosinophil cell counts significantly increased from 2 hours post to 6 hours post-(p<0.05), and 8 hours post-exercise (p<0.05).This is the first study to show changes in immunological variables up to 8 hours post-exercise, including significant NK cell suppression, NK cell phenotype changes, a significant increase in total lymphocyte counts, and a significant increase in eosinophil cell counts all at 8 hours postexercise. Suppression of total lymphocyte counts, NK cell counts and neutrophil phagocytic function following exercise may be important in the increased rate of URI in response to regular intense endurance training.

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Daily ingestion of a nutritional probiotic supplement enhances innate immune function in healthy adults

Cited by 22 publications

References 17 publications

Comparison of innate immune activation after prolonged feeding of milk fermented with three species of Lactobacilli

Comparison of innate immune activation after prolonged feeding of milk fermented with three species of Lactobacilli

Selective effects of Lactobacillus casei Shirota on T cell activation, natural killer cell activity and cytokine production

The open window of susceptibility to infection after acute exercise in healthy young male elite athletes

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