d-Tubocurarine in Caesarean Section

Tc, Gray

doi:10.1136/bmj.1.4500.444

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…(7) It has been stated that there is increased contraction of uterine muscle and consequently an increase of pressure in the liquor amnii (Gray, 1947). We have not noticed this, which is in agreement with the observations of Scurr (1951) who measured the pressure of the liquor while administering relaxant drugs and found it to be normal.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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The Relaxant Drugs in Obstetric Anaesthesia

Thomas¹,

Gibson²

1953

BJOG

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…A technique for using curare in Caesarean section was described by Gray (1947) who also included Kemithal (Thialbarbitone) in his technique. Davenport and Prime (1950) reported on 1,960 infants delivered by Caesarean section in the preceding 6 years.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relaxant Drugs in Obstetric Anaesthesia

Thomas¹,

Gibson²

1953

BJOG

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“…Advantages of the Curare Sequence Many of the objections to the local infiltration technique are avoided by the use of the curare sequence described by Gray (1947). Proper relaxation of the abdominal muscles is needful in the lower-segment type of operation (Malpas, 1947;Hewer, 1948), and is readily secured.…”

Section: Local Analgesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Local analgesia was administered by the surgeon; procaine was the drug used. The technique of administration of curare was essentially that described by Gray (1947) except that a 10% solution of thialbarbitone was used. Ergometrine, 0.5 to 1 mg., was given intravenously after delivery.…”

Section: Local Analgesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaesthesia for Caesarean Operation

Davenport¹,

Prime²

1950

BMJ

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NOCTURNAL ENURESIS~- MEDICAL JOURNAL proportion of cases come for treatment they are in the secondary stage, and in such the original causative factors may no longer be operative. The condition is in fact a self-perpetuating one. The course of development from the primary to the secondary stage is complex, but as the child becomes aware that his symptoms produce unpleasant penalties he becomes anxious and uncertain, and a vicious circle of anxiety develops. The enuresis is no longer a response but a stimulus-a stimulus to both child and parent, or foster parent, creating in its wake still further anxiety and enuresis. If the causative factor is no longer operative there is every justification in using what might be criticized as symptomatic treatment. Only by preventing or minimizing a wet bed can the vicious circle be broken, and this conditioning apparatus seems to achieve the desired result. By such means not only is the child's anxiety allayed but, more important still perhaps, the parent's anxiety is also quickly reduced.Suggestion plays a prominent part in the cure of many cases of enuresis, a factor often forgotten by the advocates of painful surgical procedures. Such suggestion may take the form of a pill or the purposeful use of suggestion under hypnosis as recommended by Strauss (1944). The effect, however, is much the same; the child is urged, either directly or indirectly, to believe that he will be dry in future, and sometimes this is indeed the case. The conditioning bell also has a suggestive effect. This is evidenced by some of our patients who were dry from almost the day the apparatus was installed. At least, from the time the apparatus is installed the patient feels secure in the knowledge that, if he does void, he is sure to wake up in time to prevent a very wet bed. In treating our cases by means of this apparatus we have taken full account of this factor, and have not hesitated to reinforce treatment by strong suggestion and reassurance. The child falls asleep knowing, in fact feeling, the pad is there.Personality difficulties are often a prominent feature of enuretic individuals, but we are in some doubt whether such traits are not the effect rather than the cause in a good many cases. A surprisingly high proportion showed positive personality changes after acquiring the dry habit. Some patients were noticeably assertive, whereas previously they had been shy or introspective. In no case, however, did this over-compensation continue for longer than a week or two, and in no case was it by any means pathological. Children previously labelled dull even appeared brighter and more co-operative in their homes and school. We know that some enuretics are problem children, and that the enuresis is merely a symptom of general maladjustment, but we feel that in a good many cases personality difficulties are the effect rather than the cause of the enuresis. A few, especially during the early stages of treatment, refused to co-operate and did their best to sabotage our efforts. In this way the condit...

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“…Gray published two additional papers on curare in 1947, one describing its use in Caesarean section, 9 and the other for use in head and neck surgery. 10 In 1948, he described the use of curare in chest surgery, 11 and factors that might cause idiosyncratic reactions to it.…”

Section: Gray's Description Introduces Modern Anaesthesia: Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

From d -tubocurarine to sugammadex: the contributions of T. Cecil Gray to modern anaesthetic practice

Shafer

2011

British Journal of Anaesthesia

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One hundred years after Morton's demonstration of the anaesthetic effects of ether, T. Cecil Gray revolutionized anaesthesia with his introduction of balanced general anaesthesia. Gray's technique involved i.v. induction, administration of a neuromuscular blocking agent (curare), tracheal intubation, controlled ventilation, maintenance of unconsciousness with a light inhaled anaesthetic (supplemented with opioids if necessary), and reversal of neuromuscular blocking agent at the conclusion of the anaesthetic. In the 65 yr since his seminal papers, our drugs have changed, and i.v. anaesthetics suitable for maintenance of anaesthesia have been introduced, but the basic principles of general anaesthesia today are those set forward by Gray 65 yr ago.

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d-Tubocurarine in Caesarean Section

Cited by 25 publications

References 1 publication

The Relaxant Drugs in Obstetric Anaesthesia

The Relaxant Drugs in Obstetric Anaesthesia

Anaesthesia for Caesarean Operation

From d -tubocurarine to sugammadex: the contributions of T. Cecil Gray to modern anaesthetic practice

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