d-glucaro 1,4-lactone and resveratrol as antioxidants in blood platelets

Abstract

The aim of our work was to study the anti-aggregatory and antioxidative effects of natural dietary products, D-glucaro 1,4-lactone (1,4-GL) in combination with phenolic compound resveratrol (trans-3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene). Our results in vitro showed that 1,4-GL alone slightly inhibits platelet aggregation induced by thrombin. The combination of resveratrol (0.1 microM) with 0.5 mM of 1,4-GL caused a significant decrease of thrombin-induced platelet aggregation; however separately, neither of studied compound at used concentrations was not effective. When platelets were treated with 1,4-GL (at the concentration of 0.1 mM and higher) and resveratrol (0.1 microM), similar synergistic action of both tested compound on markers of oxidative stress formation was observed. We measured the levels of different specific markers of oxidative stress, e.g., superoxide anion radicals O(2)(-)*, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and carbonyl group formation. Both tested compounds inhibited also the generation of O(2)(-)* and malondialdehyde that represents enzymatical peroxidation of arachidonic acid leading to thromboxane A(2) (TXA(2)) formation in platelets after thrombin stimulation. The obtained in vitro results demonstrate that anti-platelet and antioxidative properties of resveratrol may be significantly augmented by another dietary agent such as 1,4-GL, but mechanism synergistic action of these compounds is not yet known.

Interactions of gallic acid, resveratrol, quercetin and aspirin at the platelet cyclooxygenase-1 level Functional and modelling studies

“…Gallic acid, however, did prevent the platelet inhibitory effect of aspirin, resveratrol and quercetin. At variance with previous conclusions (9,12,15), these results indicate that the inhibition by resveratrol and quercetin of platelet radical oxygen production is not the only mechanism by which they affect platelet function. Other mechanisms such as modulation of platelet COX-1 activity might be prevalent.…”

“…Both resveratrol and quercetin exert antiplatelet activity (8)(9)(10)(11), that might contribute to the cardioprotective effect of polyphenol-rich dietary habits. Several mechanisms have been proposed for their antiplatelet action, including their ability to reduce platelet radical oxygen species (ROS) production (12)(13)(14)(15).…”

Superior Antioxidant Capacity of Berberis iliensis—HPLC-Q-TOF-MS Based Phytochemical Studies and Spectrophotometric Determinations

“…Interestingly in combination with other radical scavengers, like resveratrol, glucaric acid even in low concentrations (0.1 or 0.5 mM) markedly reduced thrombin-induced platelet aggregation and the generation of superoxide radical. According to the authors these particular properties may be related to the synergistic action but its mechanism has not yet been fully determined [ 54 ].…”

How to Synthesise High Purity, Crystalline d‐Glucaric Acid Selectively

“…40 % yield with oxalic, tartaric and 5‐ketogluconic acids as by‐products, this process dates back to 1888 and meets a majority of the ever‐increasing global demand for glucaric acid derivatives . Recently, glucaric acid has garnered worldwide interest due to its many roles in the food supplement, pharmaceutical and polymer industries, the latter being as a bio‐derived precursor to Nylon 6,6. Indeed, the US Department of Energy recently recognised it as a key sugar derived platform molecule .…”