Cytotoxicity of Hybrid Noble Metal-Polymer Composites

Abstract

The aim of the present research was to assess the cytotoxicity of gold and silver nanoparticles synthesized into dextran-graft-polyacrylamide (D-PAA) polymer nanocarrier, which were used as a basis for further preparation of multicomponent nanocomposites revealed high efficacy for antitumor therapy. The evaluation of the influence of Me-polymer systems on the viability and metabolic activity of fibroblasts and eryptosis elucidating the mechanisms of the proeryptotic effects has been done in the current research. The nanocomposites investigated in this study did not reduce the survival of fibroblasts even at the highest used concentration. Our findings suggest that hybrid Ag/D-PAA composite activated eryptosis via ROS- and Ca2+-mediated pathways at the low concentration, in contrast to other studied materials. Thus, the cytotoxicity of Ag/D-PAA composite against erythrocytes was more pronounced compared with D-PAA and hybrid Au/polymer composite. Eryptosis is a more sensitive tool for assessing the biocompatibility of nanomaterials compared with fibroblast viability assays.

Hemocompatibility of dextran-graft-polyacrylamide/zinc oxide nanosystems: hemolysis or eryptosis?

“…There is compelling evidence that hemolytic properties of NPs are dependent on size, shape, surface charge, porosity, or surface modifications of nanomaterials [34]. However, eryptosis, a Ca 2+ -dependent programmed cell death of red blood cells (RBCs), is emerging as an alternative and probably more sensitive marker of hemocompatibility for blood-contacting nanomaterials [38][39][40][41][42][43][44], which can be potentially used as a screening approach for newly synthesized nanomaterials. Moreover, eryptotic erythrocytes are reported to be less sensitive to NPs-induced hemolysis than the healthy ones [45].…”