Cytotoxicity of fumonisin B1, diethylnitrosamine, and catechol on the SNO esophageal cancer cell line.

Abstract

Mycotoxins that commonly contaminate staple food grains pose a health hazard to animals and humans. Fumonisin B1 (FB1), a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium verticillioides, causes equine leukoencephalomalacia and porcine pulmonary edema and has been implicated in the etiology of esophageal cancer (EC) in the Transkei, South Africa. Various studies have indicated that nitrosamines induce EC, and F. verticillioides enhancement of nitrosamine-induced EC in rats has been reported. Dietary catechol (CAT), a constituent of cigarette smoke, was previously found to be a cocarcinogen with methyl-N-nitrosamine for inducing esophageal tumors in rats. In the present study we therefore investigated the cytotoxic effects of FB1, diethylnitrosamine (DEN), and CAT on a human esophageal epithelial cell line (SNO) using the methylthiazol tetrazolium assay. For each treatment, toxin concentrations ranged from 2.165 to 34.64 micro M. The results showed that the cytotoxic response of SNO cells was highest in cells treated with 34.64 micro M FB1. SNO cells treated with DEN + FB1 showed greater cytotoxicity than did cells treated with FB1 alone, whereas FB1 appeared to inhibit the cytotoxic effect exerted by CAT alone. The results of this study provide further evidence for the involvement of FB1 in the etiology of esophageal carcinoma.

Novel estradiol analogue induces apoptosis and autophagy in esophageal carcinoma cells

“…One of the main reasons for the high incidence rates in these areas is believed to be the presence of the mycotoxin fumonisin B1 (FB1). It occurs in high concentrations in the above-mentioned geographic areas due to a soil-borne fungus named Fusarium verticillioides, which frequently contaminates maize and maize products [5,6]. Studies revealed that FB1 may act as a promoter or initiator of carcinogenesis in synergy with co-carcinogens such as the N-nitrosamines found in tobacco [6].…”

“…It occurs in high concentrations in the above-mentioned geographic areas due to a soil-borne fungus named Fusarium verticillioides, which frequently contaminates maize and maize products [5,6]. Studies revealed that FB1 may act as a promoter or initiator of carcinogenesis in synergy with co-carcinogens such as the N-nitrosamines found in tobacco [6]. One of the best-known characteristics of cancer cells is their rapid and uncontrolled division.…”

Simple method for the simultaneous isolation and determination of fumonisin B1 and its metabolite aminopentol-1 in swine liver by liquid chromatography–fluorescence detection

“…Most of all of the toxicities resulting from exposure to these compounds can be explained by their ability to alter sphingolipid metabolism [6] by inhibiting ceramide synthase [3]. Human consumption of fumonisin-contaminated corn has been linked to the esophageal cancer in different area of South Africa (Transkey) [7] and China (Linxian) [8].…”

Antiplatelet Effect of Catechol Is Related to Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase, Reactive Oxygen Species, ERK/p38 Signaling and Thromboxane A2 Production

“…Catechol is not toxic to glioblastoma cells at concentrations below 0.2 mM [30]; however, it induces a 44% increase in esophageal cell death at 35 µM [4], suggesting that it exhibits differential cytotoxicity that is cell type-dependent.…”