Cytotoxicity of 91 Kenyan indigenous medicinal plants towards human CCRF-CEM leukemia cells

Omosa, Leonidah Kerubo; Midiwo, Jacob O.; Masila, Veronica M.; Gisacho, Boniface M.; Munayi, Renee; Francisca-Kamakama,; Chemutai, Kitur Phylis; Elhaboob, Gihan; Saeed, Mohamed E.M.; Hamdoun, Sami; Kuete, Victor; Efferth, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2015.12.028

Cited by 39 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 481 publications

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“…These could be the possible cause of the antifungal activity. The glycosides, alkaloids, and saponins in S. aculeastrum fruits have been associated with anticancer (skin and cervix), anti-inflammatory, and anticholesterol activities [30]. This agrees with the results of [31] where organic and aqueous fruit extracts of S. aculeastrum were tested against fungi and bacteria and they had good antimicrobial activity although antifungal activity caused by organic extracts was higher than that caused by aqueous extracts.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Effects of Medicinal Plant Extracts and Photosensitization on Aflatoxin Producing Aspergillus flavus (Raper and Fennell)

Njoki

Okoth

Wachira

2017

International Journal of Microbiology

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This study was undertaken with an aim of exploring the effectiveness of medicinal plant extracts in the control of aflatoxin production. Antifungal properties, photosensitization, and phytochemical composition of aqueous and organic extracts of fruits from Solanum aculeastrum, bark from Syzygium cordatum, and leaves from Prunus africana, Ocimum lamiifolium, Lippia kituiensis, and Spinacia oleracea were tested. Spores from four-day-old cultures of previously identified toxigenic fungi, UONV017 and UONV003, were used. Disc diffusion and broth dilution methods were used to test the antifungal activity. The spores were suspended in 2 ml of each extract separately and treated with visible light (420 nm) for varying periods. Organic extracts displayed species and concentration dependent antifungal activity. Solanum aculeastrum had the highest zones of inhibition diameters in both strains: UONV017 (mean = 18.50 ± 0.71 mm) and UONV003 (mean = 11.92 ± 0.94 mm) at 600 mg/ml. Aqueous extracts had no antifungal activity because all diameters were below 8 mm. Solanum aculeastrum had the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration at 25 mg/ml against A. flavus UONV017. All the plant extracts in combination with light reduced the viability of fungal conidia compared with the controls without light, without extracts, and without both extracts and light. Six bioactive compounds were analyzed in the plant extracts. Medicinal plant extracts in this study can control conidia viability and hence with further development can control toxigenic fungal spread.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Effects of Medicinal Plant Extracts and Photosensitization on Aflatoxin Producing Aspergillus flavus (Raper and Fennell)

Njoki

Okoth

Wachira

2017

International Journal of Microbiology

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“…In turn, the criteria of the ATCC have established a concentration of 30 μ g/mL as the upper IC 50 limit [41]. On the basis of this threshold, the intractum tested in our study can be considered as a promising cytotoxic agent towards HL-60, HL-60/MX1, and CCRF/CEM cell lines (IC 50 < 20 μ g/mL).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Tayarani-Najaran et al [40] have investigated the cytotoxic effect of CH 2 Cl 2 extract on HL-60 with the IC 50 value of 68.83 μ g/mL while the intractum tested in our work exhibited 7-fold lower IC 50 value (10.41 μ g/mL). Omosa et al [41] tested 145 extracts from 91 Kenyan flora towards CCRF/CEM cell lines. The highest cytotoxic activity exhibited the ethanol extract of the berries of Solanum aculeastrum and 50% MeOH in CH 2 Cl 2 extract of the stem bark of Albizia schimperiana with IC 50 values of 1.36 and 2.97 μ g/mL.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Content and Pharma‐Nutrition Study on Eleutherococcus senticosus Fruits Intractum

Załuski

Olech

Galanty

et al. 2016

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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In the past two decades public interest in herbal products has increased significantly in Europe, especially in the plant-based products from non-European traditions. Eleutherococcus senticosus has been used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, anemia, and rheumatoid arthritis. The Eleutherococcus senticosus fruits intractum was examined for the content of phenolic acids (LC-ESI-MS/MS), minerals (AAS), TPC, and TFC (spectrophotometric assay). The antioxidant activity was determined using free radical scavenging assay and TLC-DB-DPPH∗ dot-blot test. An anti-Hyal activity was evaluated by the spectrophotometric assay method. Cytotoxicity towards HL-60, HL-60/MX1, HL-60/MX2, CEM/C1, and CCRF/CEM leukemic cell lines was done using trypan blue test. Among eight phenolic acids, trans-caffeic acid was found in the largest amount (41.2 mg/g DE). The intractum presented a high amount of macroelements (Ca, Mg, K; 1750, 1300, and 21000 mg/kg) and microelements (Fe, Mn; 32.7, 54.3 mg/kg), respectively. The content of TPC and TFC was 130 and 92 mg/g DE, respectively. The intractum showed anti-Hyal activity (2.16–60%) and an antioxidant capacity (EC50; 52 μg/mL). The intractum most strongly inhibited the growth of HL-60, HL-60/MX1, and CCRF/CEM. A better understanding of the intractum health benefits is important in order to increase its utility and enrich dietary sources of health promoting compounds.

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“…About 70% of deaths caused by cancer occur in low- and middle-income countries. Chemotherapy is recognized as the major mode of treatment of malignant diseases, and the plant kingdom has been the origin of many cytotoxic drugs such as paclitaxel (from Taxus brevifolia ) and Vinca alkaloids (from Catharanthus roseus ) [2–5]. The potential of African flora as a source of a variety of cytotoxic agents is intensively being demonstrated [6, 7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potential of African flora as a source of a variety of cytotoxic agents is intensively being demonstrated [6, 7]. In fact, various cytotoxic plants of the continent were reported amongst which are Anthocleista schweinfurthii, Morus mesozygia, Nauclea latifolia, Erythrina sigmoidea [8], Erythrina sacleuxii , Albizia gummifera, Strychnos usambarensis, Zanthoxylum gilletii, Bridelia micrantha, Croton sylvaticus, Albizia schimperiana, Erythrina burttii, Erythrina sacleuxii , Bridelia micarantha , Zanthoxylum giletii and Solanum aculeastrum [9]. In our continuous search for cytotoxic agents from African flora, this study was undertaken to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of the methanol extracts of six Cameroonian plants used traditionally to treat cancers or disease states with symptoms related to cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity of the methanol extracts of Elephantopus mollis, Kalanchoe crenata and 4 other Cameroonian medicinal plants towards human carcinoma cells

Kuete

Fokou

Karaosmanoğlu

et al. 2017

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundCancer still constitutes one of the major health concerns globally, causing serious threats on patients, their families, and the healthcare system.MethodsIn this study, the cytotoxicity of the methanol extract of Elephantopus mollis whole plant (EMW), Enantia chlorantha bark (ECB), Kalanchoe crenata leaves (KCL), Lophira alata bark (LAB), Millettia macrophylla leaves (MML) and Phragmanthera capitata leaves (PCL) towards five human solid cancer cell lines and normal CRL2120 fibroblasts, was evaluated. Extracts were subjected to qualitative chemical screening of their secondary metabolite contents using standard methods. The cytotoxicity of samples was evaluated using neutral red uptake (NR) assay meanwhile caspase activation was detected by caspase-Glo assay. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle distribution and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) whilst spectrophotometry was used to measure the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS).ResultsPhytochemical analysis revealed the presence of polyphenols, triterpenes and sterols in all extracts. The IC50 values of the best samples ranged from 3.29 μg/mL (towards DLD-1 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells) to 24.38 μg/mL (against small lung cancer A549 cells) for EMW, from 2.33 μg/mL (mesothelioma SPC212 cells) to 28.96 μg/mL (HepG2 hepatocarcinoma) for KCL, and from 0.04 μg/mL (towards SPC212 cells) to 0.55 μg/mL (towards A549 cells) for doxorubicin. EMW induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells mediated by MMP loss and increased ROS production whilst KCL induced apoptosis via ROS production.ConclusionThis study provides evidences of the cytotoxicity of the tested plant extract and highlights the good activity of Elephantopus mollis and Kalanchoe crenata. They deserve more exploration to develop novel cytotoxic drugs.

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Cytotoxicity of 91 Kenyan indigenous medicinal plants towards human CCRF-CEM leukemia cells

Cited by 39 publications

References 481 publications

Effects of Medicinal Plant Extracts and Photosensitization on Aflatoxin Producing Aspergillus flavus (Raper and Fennell)

Effects of Medicinal Plant Extracts and Photosensitization on Aflatoxin Producing Aspergillus flavus (Raper and Fennell)

Phytochemical Content and Pharma‐Nutrition Study on Eleutherococcus senticosus Fruits Intractum

Cytotoxicity of the methanol extracts of Elephantopus mollis, Kalanchoe crenata and 4 other Cameroonian medicinal plants towards human carcinoma cells

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