Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Cypermethrin in Hepatocarcinoma Cells: A Dose- and Time-Dependent Study

Abstract

Most of the agricultural workers are potentially exposed to pesticides through different routes. Inhalation exposures may result in numerous diseases that can adversely affect an individual’s health and capacity to perform at work. The aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxic potential of cypermethrin pesticide on cultured human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cells. The HepG2 cells were exposed to cypermethrin (0, 5, 15, 40 ng/mL) for 24 and 48 hours. We observed that cypermethrin caused cell death of HepG2 cells using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiozolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase tests. Furthermore, cypermethrin reduced HepG2 cells viability in a time and dose dependent basis, that was probably mediated through the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. An increase in ROS generation with a concomitant increase in expression of the proapoptotic protein Bcl-2 and cytochrome c and decrease in the antiapoptosis protein Bax suggested that a mitochondria-mediated pathway was involved in cypermethrin-induced apoptosis. These findings provide insights into the underlying mechanisms involved in cytotoxicity of cypermethrin in HepG2 cells.

Cypermethrin-Induced Lung Damage in Albino Rats: The Preventive Impact of Moringa oleifera

“…The elevated levels of these enzymatic antioxidants may be a compensatory response to combat and mitigate the toxic effects of increased CYP superoxide radical and other ROS generation. Our findings were in agreement with AlKahtane et al [51] who reported that SOD and CAT levels were increased in cultured human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cells following CYP exposure. Also, our results in consonance with Khan et al [32] who reported an increase in GST activity in the brain tissue of rats exposed to deltamethrin (another synthetic type II pyrethroid).…”

Characterization of the ERK1/2 phosphorylation profile in human and fish liver cells upon exposure to chemicals of environmental concern

“…These results are in line with the data from other studies where TBT in human HepG2 (Zeng et al, 2018) and fish RTG-2 (Giltrap et al, 2011) cells or CBZ in human A549 cells (Tollstadius et al, 2019) caused cytotoxicity in similar concentrations. Similarly, CP caused cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells (AlKahtane et al, 2018) and in five fish cell lines, namely Etroplus suratensis, Labeo rohita, and Channa stratus gill cell lines, and Catla catla brain and gill cell lines (Taju et al, 2014); however, the observed cytotoxicity was caused by lower concentrations of CP (10 -8 M) after 24 h compared to our data. BPA, ATR, and MZ caused no cytotoxic response in HepG2 and RTL-W1 cells.…”

Green Platinum Nanoparticles Interaction With HEK293 Cells: Cellular Toxicity, Apoptosis, and Genetic Damage

“…After treatment, the cells were incubated with Rhodamine 123 (20 μmol/L; Cayman chemical) for 40 minutes at 37°C, rinsed, and images were obtained by fluorescence microscope, and fluorescent intensity of control and treated cells were read by using the microplate reader. 22 …”