Cytotoxic tetraoxygenated xanthones from the bark of Garcinia schomburgkiana

Xanthones and Cancer: from Natural Sources to Mechanisms of Action

“…Barks yes [52] 7-Hydroxy-3,4,8-trimethoxyxanthone-1-O-(β-D-glucoside) Swertia mussotii Whole plant no [46] 7-O-Demethylcudratrixanthone C…”

New Compounds and Potential Candidates for Drug Discovery from Medicinal Plants of Vietnam

“…New xanthones and a series of new polyisoprenylated benzophenones, named guttiferones or schomburgkianones, were isolated from the Garcinia species of Vietnam. New xanthones, 1-Omethylglobuxanthone (57) from the bark of G. vilersiana, 48) merguenone (58) from the bark of G. merguensis, 49) mangoxanthone (59) from the heartwood of G. mangostana, 50) 6-O-demethyloliverixanthone (60) and schomburgxanthone (61) were isolated from the bark of G. schomburgkiana, 51) pedunxanthones A-C (62-64) from the bark and pedunxanthones D-F (65-67) from the pericarp of G. pedunculata, 52,53) oblongixanthones F-H (68-70) from the twigs of G. oblongifolia, 54) planchoxanthone (71) from the pericarp of G. planchonii, 55) and xanthochymusxanthones A (72) and B (73) from the bark of G. xanthochymus 56) (Fig. 6).…”

“…6). New guttiferones Q-S (74-76) were isolated from the pericarp of G. conchinchinensis, 57) guttiferone I (77) from the stem bark of G. griffithii, 50) and guttiferone T (78) from the bark of G. conchinchinensis. 58) Guttiferone Q may be the biogenetic precur- Fig.…”

“…58,59) The absolute configuration of the bicyclo[3.3.1] nonane core of the schomburgkianones was assigned by comparison of their experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra with those of related compounds. 59) New non-isoprenylated benzophenones, benthaphenone (87) and 3′,6-dihydroxy-2,4,4′-trimethoxybenzophenone (88) were isolated from the bark of G. benthami and the heartwood of G. mangostana, 50,60) respectively (Fig. 7).…”

“…46) Xanthones and polyisoprenylated benzophenones are mainly present in the genus Garcinia, and have been demonstrated to have significant cytotoxic activity in in vitro assay. 47) 6-O-Demethyloliverixanthone (60) from G. schomburgkiana showed weak cytotoxic activity against HeLa (human cervical cancer) cell lines (IC 50 16.7±1.9 µg/mL). 51) Pedunxanthone D (65) is an active compound against HeLa and NCI-H460 (human lung cancer) cells, with IC 50 values of 24.9±0.4 and 26.1±1.5 µg/mL, respectively.…”