Cytotoxic Effect of Chitosan Based Nanocomposite Synthesized by Radiation: In Vitro Liver and Breast Cancer Cell Line

Abstract

A silver nanoparticle (AgNP) is likely to provide an attractive object for combining a variety of biochemical properties with great therapeutic potential by using radiation. The present study explores the IC 50 value of chitosan-poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogel (Cs/PVA) and Ag-doped chitosan-poly (vinyl alcohol) (Cs/PVA/Ag) nanocomposite in view of their anticancer application. The aim was to develop (Cs/PVA) based hydrogel synthesized by gamma radiation which could behave both as a nanoreactor for Ag nanoparticle with promising anticancer applications. The (Cs/PVA/Ag) nanocomposite was confirmed by FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy, XRD (X-ray diffraction) and EDX (energy dispersive X-ray) analysis. The anti-cancer activity of the prepared nanocomposites was demonstrated in human liver cancer cell line (HEPG2) and breast cancer cell lines (MCF7). It has significant effects against human liver cancer cell line HEPG2 compared to breast cancer cell line MCF7. Further quantitative analysis on the molecular and protein levels is still required to confirm the impact of chitosan on genotoxic effect before reaching a final conclusion and starting its biomedical application.

<p>Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using a Novel Cyanobacteria <em>Desertifilum</em> sp. extract: Their Antibacterial and Cytotoxicity Effects</p>

“…Bhatnagar et al 68 showed that SNPs fabricated using extracellular pigment from Talaromyces purpurogenus have a significant cytotoxicity effect against liver cancer cell line. Abaza et al 69 showed that Cs/PVA/Ag nanocomposites caused in killing 50% of HepG2 cells at 43.7 µg/mL. Based on these data, D-SNPs may be a potent antitumor agent against HepG2 with low IC 50 .…”

“…Martins et al 72 showed that a polyelectrolyte complex containing SNPs exerted cytotoxic effects against Caco-2 cells, but not healthy African green monkey cells (VERO cells), at concentrations above 100 µg/mL. Comparing the chemically synthesized SNPs, 69,72 D-SNPs showed a potent anticancer activity with low IC 50 values and may be an alternative material to treat cancer.…”

Effect of Gold Nanocomposite on the Cytotoxicity of Human Cancer Cell Lines

“…The estimated half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value was found to be 31.2 μg/mL. Abaza et al [22] in 2018 reported the percentage of inhibiting fraction of Cs/PVA/AgNP in MCF7 cell line at 100 ug/mL was 61.8% and 80% with IC50 value of 60 and 52.5 μg/mL in (1:9) and (4:6) concentration respectively. The expected mechanism of AgNP induced toxicity being in the interactions between nanomaterials and cells [42].…”

“…Patil and his colleague [1] also, observed 50% of cell inhibition at AuNPs concentration of approximately 150 μg/mL and the 200 μg/mL sample reduced all cells to around 20% viability. On the other hand, Abaza et al [22] in 2018 reported that the silver-doped chitosan-poly (vinyl alcohol) (Cs/PVA/AgNP) inhibition fraction of HepG2 cell proliferation at 50 ug/mL in concentration of (4:6) and (1:9) was 54.4% and 40.8 respectively. The IC 50 value of concentration (4:6) was 43.7 µg/mL.…”

“…Cs/ PVA hydrogel was prepared according to Abaza et al [22]. A stock solution of 1.0% (w/v) Cs was prepared by dissolving 1 g of Cs in acetic acid solution (1%) at 60 o C with continuously stirring for 6 h in water bath.…”