Cytoplasmic Organelles and Inclusions of Protozoa

Anderson, Everett

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-011846-8.50004-9

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 239 publications

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“…Various suggestions have been made with respect to the possible relationships of the trichomonad microbody-like particles to either mitochondria or peroxisomes (2,13,14,16,20,21,24) . So far, these assumptions have been tested with histochemical techniques only (13,14,35,36), and the present study is the first, to our knowledge, to allow a more rigorous discussion of the question in terms of presence and absence of enzymes, at least in T. foetus.…”

Section: Localization Of Oxidoreductasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their metabolism is anaerobic al-that typical mitochondria have not been demonthough many species exhibit intensive respiration strated . Their cytoplasm contains a wide variety THE JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY • VOLUME 57, 1973 • pages 4 53 -474 of membrane-bounded organelles besides a highly complex flagellar apparatus (2,8,16,19,20,25,32,39,40) . Some of these organelles, e .g .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochemical Cytology of Trichomonad Flagellates

Müller

1973

The Journal of Cell Biology

103

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To determine the localization of several enzymes in Tritrichomonas foetus, the axenic KV-1 strain was grown in Diamond's medium with bovine serum, homogenized in 0 .25 M sucrose, and subjected to analytical differential and isopycnic centrifugation . The fractions were assayed for their enzymatic composition and examined electron microscopically . NADH and NADPH dehydrogenases, about 90% of the catalase, and two hydrolases, agalactosidase and manganese-activated ß-galactosidase I are in the nonsedimentable part of the cytoplasm . a-Glycerophosphate and malate dehydrogenases are associated with a large particle, whose equilibrium density in sucrose gradients is 1 .24 . This particle corresponds to that population of the paracostal and paraxostylar granules which, having a uniform granular matrix surrounded by a single membrane, resemble microbodies from other organisms . The small sedimentable portion of catalase (about 10% of the total activity) is not associated with these granules and equilibrates at density 1 .22 . The nature of the subcellular entity carrying catalase could not be ascertained . Hydrolases with a pH optimum around 6-6 .5 (protease, ß-N-acetylglucosaminidase, ß-N-acetylgalactosaminidase, and cation-independent ß-galactosidase II), as well as a large part of acid phosphatase, are associated with a population of large particles which equilibrate at densities from 1 .15 to 1 .20 . The hydrolases in these granules lose their structure-bound latency easily after freezing and thawing . These particles correspond to another population of the paracostal and paraxostylar granules which have varied shape and inhomogeneous content with frequent myelin figures, indicating a digestive function . The rest of the phosphatase and most of the acid ß-glucuronidase activity are in a smaller granule fraction with an equilibrium density around 1 .18 . The latency of these enzymes is quite resistant to freezing and thawing . This particle population consists of smaller, very often flattened vesicles and granules, many of which are clearly fragments of the prominent Golgi apparatus of the cell .

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Section: Localization Of Oxidoreductasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Cytology of Trichomonad Flagellates

Müller

1973

The Journal of Cell Biology

103

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“…Dam certains cas ( Fig. 3 ) , des vksicules forment une couronne autour d'une citerne i membrane lissc et i contenu ICgtrement 2,9,12,[16][17][18].…”

Section: Lrs Groupcments De Ve'siculesunclassified

“…A des Cilits (2,20,39,46), l'existmce d'tin appareil de Golgi chez les Infusoires tend peu B peu B s'imposer. Signal6 d'abord chez les Ophryoscolecidae (37) puis chez Paramecium (55), cet organite est ensuite dkcrit chez les PCritriches oil FaurC-FrCmiet et coll.…”

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L'appareil de Golgi des Ciliés. Ultrastructure, particulièrement chez Paramecium

Esteve¹

1972

The Journal of Protozoology

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SYNOPSIS Electronmicroscopic study of Coleps, Colpidium, Stylonychia, and especially of Paramecium confirmed the presence of the Golgi complex in these fresh‐water ciliates. The complex consisted of numerous dictyosomes scattered throughout the cytoplasm. Each dictyosome included a few flat, partly reticulated saccules lying parallel to a cistern of rough endoplasmic reticulum which was free of ribosomes on the side exposed to the dictyosome. A unique layer of vesicles, characterized by constant size and a thick wall, separated the endoplasmic reticulum from the dictyosomes. The vesicles could be regarded as transition vesicles. Coated vesicles were seen in continuity with some of the flattened saccules. The possible role of the Golgi complex in the physiology of ciliates is discussed.

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“…meleagridis from embryonated H . gallinarum eggs was investigated in order (1) to confirm by culture that the protozoon is in the egg of the nematode and (2) to investigate the feasibility of isolating Histomonus in this manner thus eliminating isolation from the animal host.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ciliate Ultrastructure: Some Problems in Cell Biology*

Pitelka

1970

The Journal of Protozoology

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SYNOPSIS. Protozoology, along with other cell sciences, has profited immeasurably during the last 25 years from the application of electron microscopy and other new technics to studies of cell structure and function. Protozoa were among the first objects examined with the electron microscope in the 1940's and an extensive literature in protozoan ultrastructure has accumulated since then. Some examples of recent investigations of ciliate cortical ultrastructure are selected to illustrate the importance of protozoan studies to the development of fundamental concepts of cell biology. Ciliates are choice subjects for analysis of ciliary structure and motility and of myoneme contractility. Membrane‐limited alveoli contribute to the structure of the characteristic ciliate pellicle and provide evidence of how multiple pellicular membranes may affect cell‐surface activities. The striated fibrils and microtubules associated with ciliate kinetosomes resemble those of other cell types but are more highly organized; wherever they occur, these structures appear to be related to the development and maintenance of polarity and asymmetry of cells and organelles. Their stability and the precision of their arrangement in ciliates make them peculiarly suitable for the study of the properties and behavior of such fibrous organelles and also for investigation of the morphogenetic role of the kinetosome.

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Cytoplasmic Organelles and Inclusions of Protozoa

Cited by 22 publications

References 239 publications

Biochemical Cytology of Trichomonad Flagellates

Biochemical Cytology of Trichomonad Flagellates

L'appareil de Golgi des Ciliés. Ultrastructure, particulièrement chez Paramecium

Ciliate Ultrastructure: Some Problems in Cell Biology*

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