Cytomixis: Causes and Consequences as a Case Study in Vicia faba L.

Bhat, Tariq Ahmad; Gulfishan, Mohd; Wani, Aijaz A.

doi:10.1007/978-81-322-3673-3_15

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…sturtii ) or 2 n = 22 ( S. angulata ) chromosomes, respectively. In this study, S. angulata exhibited a diploid chromosome count of 2 n = 22, contrasting with prior findings of 2 n = 26 reported by Biondo et al. (2005) .…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…This information encompasses critical factors such as chromosome number, size, morphology, satellite DNA position, and chromosome banding patterns ( Guerra, 2008 ). When comparing the findings to previous reports ( Irwin and Turner, 1960 ; Biondo et al., 2005 ), it becomes evident that S. angulata exhibits varying chromosome counts. This discrepancy could stem from possible botanical misidentification, variations in sample accession numbers across different studies, or inherent genetic diversity within the species ( Guerra, 2008 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

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Chromosomal dynamics in Senna: comparative PLOP–FISH analysis of tandem repeats and flow cytometric nuclear genome size estimations

Nguyen,

Kang,

Kim

2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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IntroductionTandem repeats (TRs) occur abundantly in plant genomes. They play essential roles that affect genome organization and evolution by inducing or generating chromosomal rearrangements such as duplications, deletions, inversions, and translocations. These impact gene expression and chromosome structure and even contribute to the emergence of new species.MethodWe investigated the effects of TRs on speciation in Senna genus by performing a comparative analysis using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with S. tora-specific TR probes. We examined the chromosomal distribution of these TRs and compared the genome sizes of seven Senna species (estimated using flow cytometry) to better understand their evolutionary relationships.ResultsTwo (StoTR03_159 and StoTR04_55) of the nine studied TRs were not detected in any of the seven Senna species, whereas the remaining seven were found in all or some species with patterns that were similar to or contrasted with those of S. tora. Of these studies species, only S. angulata showed significant genome rearrangements and dysploid karyotypes resembling those of S. tora. The genome sizes varied among these species and did not positively correlate with chromosome number. Notably, S. angulata had the fewest chromosomes (2n = 22) but a relatively large genome size.DiscussionThese findings reveal the dynamics of TRs and provide a cytogenetic depiction of chromosomal rearrangements during speciation in Senna. To further elucidate the dynamics of repeat sequences in Senna, future studies must include related species and extensive repeatomic studies, including those on transposable elements.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Chromosomal dynamics in Senna: comparative PLOP–FISH analysis of tandem repeats and flow cytometric nuclear genome size estimations

Nguyen,

Kang,

Kim

2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…[ 50 ], Bhat et al . [ 51 ] who reported maximum meiotic abnormalities at higher doses of mutagens. Similarly, the maximum frequency of meiotic aberrations recorded in the combined mutagen treatments followed by individual treatments of γ rays and SA was in accordance with the findings of Goyal et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Bio-physiological damages and cytological aberrations in cowpea varieties treated with gamma rays and sodium azide

2023

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The assessment of mutagen induced biological damage forms an important study in determining the mutagenic potency and genotypic sensitivity, a vital aspect in mutation breeding programs. A prior assessment of lethal dose (LD50), mutagen induced biological damage (alterations in bio-physiological traits and frequency of cytological aberrations) is a prerequisite for determining an optimum mutagen dose in a successful mutation breeding experiment. Therefore, in a multi-year project of mutation breeding, two widely cultivated varieties of cowpea viz., Gomati VU-89 and Pusa-578, were treated with gamma (γ) rays and sodium azide (SA) doses. The results reflected a proportionate increase in bio-physiological damages with the increase in mutagenic doses and caused a substantial reduction in mean seed germination and seedling height. Different cytological aberrations such as cytomixis, univalents, chromosome stickiness, precocious separation, unequal separation, bridges, laggards, disturbed polarity, dyads, triads, and polyads were observed in both varieties. All the mutagen doses induced a broader spectrum of cytological aberrations with varying frequencies.

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“…Out of these, nuclear migration occurs through the transfer of whole chromatin material or nucleus from one cell to an adjacent cell. The migration of partial or total chromosome, referred to as "Cytomixis", is a widespread phenomenon and has been reported in a large number of plant species (Kravets 2012, Mandal et al 2013, Mursalimov et al 2013, Rana et al 2014, Reis et al 2015, Bhat et al 2017, Mandal and Nandi 2017, Paez et al 2021. However, nucleus migration has been observed only in pollen mother cells of radiation-induced 'pea' (Gottschalk 1970).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both these phenomena seem to be homologous but indeed separate from each other at least in mode of operation. Cytomixis involves chromatin transfer between proximate cells (Kamra 1960, Omara 1976, Belluci et al 2003, Singhal et al 2009, Himshikha et al 2010, Rana et al 2013, Bhat et al 2017, Mandal and Nandi 2017. Owing to this unique feature, it is also called as the phenomenon of intercellular chromatin transmigration (Kumar and Naseem 2013, Kumar and Choudhary 2016, Dwivedi and Kumar 2018, Khan et al 2018, Kumar and Singh 2020.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First record of nucleus migration in premeiotic antherial cells of Saccharum spontaneum L. (Poaceae)

2022

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The occurrence of nucleus migration is reported for the first time in a clone (2n = 64) of ‘Thatch’ grass (Saccharum spontaneum L.) of the family Poaceae. Usually, its premeiotic antherial cells are thin walled, uninucleate and without any trace of chromosome individuality. However, the cells of those anthers that had been affected from flood water stress conditions were anucleated to hexanucleated in varying frequencies. Out of 2567 cells analyzed, two and three cells were noticed to be connected to each other through a well-defined cytoplasmic channel. The nuclei were observed at various stages of their migration in interconnected cells. The remaining cells exhibited a mosaic of anucleate to hexanucleate cells in varying frequencies with a dominance of binucleated condition (43.75%). The anucleate ‘ghost’ cells were much smaller in size than the uninucleate, binucleate and multinucleate cells showing insignificant variation among themselves. The anucleate, binucleate and multinucleate cells appeared to be resulted due to nucleus migration through cytoplasmic channels between two cells. The presence of a nucleus in donor cell united with recipient cell having four nuclei of different sizes, diminutive anucleate cell in the neighbourhood of uninucleate/trinucleate cell or connected with cytoplasmic channel/pentanucleate cell, and disorganizing cytoplasmic channel attached with binucleate/ tetranucleate cell witnessed the accomplishment of nucleus migration. This rare phenomenon of nucleus migration seemed to be triggered by flood water induced stress and facilitated by feeble cell wall. The variation in sizes of nuclei in multinucleate cells might be due to the transfer of nucleus/nuclei of different size(s). The prominent features of nucleus migration distinguishing it from the cytomixis have been discussed in detail. The syncytes resulted due to nucleus migration might have generated the pollen grains with different genetic constitution resulting into the origin of new intraspecific aneuploids/ polyploids for better adaptability.

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Cytomixis: Causes and Consequences as a Case Study in Vicia faba L.

Cited by 3 publications

References 37 publications

Chromosomal dynamics in Senna: comparative PLOP–FISH analysis of tandem repeats and flow cytometric nuclear genome size estimations

Chromosomal dynamics in Senna: comparative PLOP–FISH analysis of tandem repeats and flow cytometric nuclear genome size estimations

Assessment of Bio-physiological damages and cytological aberrations in cowpea varieties treated with gamma rays and sodium azide

First record of nucleus migration in premeiotic antherial cells of Saccharum spontaneum L. (Poaceae)

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