Cytology of achylous hematuria: A clue to an underlying uncommon clinical scenario

Kishore, Manjari; Kumar, Vijay; Kaushal, Manju; Gomber, Apoorva

doi:10.4103/cytojournal.cytojournal_11_18

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Vankalakunti et al and Ahuja et al noted similar findings in patients who presented with painless haematuria, but there was no evidence of malignancy based on radiological or cystoscopic findings 11,12 . However, Kishore et al noted microfilariae on urine cytology in a patient with a mass lesion in the bladder on ultrasonography mimicking malignancy 13 . In our three cases, all cases presented with painless achylous haematuria, of which two cases were associated with high grade urothelial carcinoma.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…7 In our study, only three cases were reported from lymph nodes on urine cytology in a patient with a mass lesion in the bladder on ultrasonography mimicking malignancy. 13 In our three cases, all cases presented with painless achylous haematuria, of which two cases were associated with high grade urothelial carcinoma. This is similar to the findings reported by Jain et al 14 The other three cases were reported as soft tissue swellings such as the right axilla, mandibular region swelling, and hand.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

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Cytological diagnosis of microfilariae in clinically unsuspected cases: A retrospective review of 12 cases

Gupta

Jain

et al. 2021

Cytopathology

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Background Filariasis is a major health problem in India. Despite the high prevalence, microfilariae are rarely found in cytology smears. Most of the cases are incidentally found, solely or in association with other pathologies. Aims and Objectives This study was undertaken to analyse the prevalence and cytological findings of cases of incidentally found microfilariae in cytology smears (fine needle aspiration cytology [FNAC]/exfoliative cytology) from different parts of the body. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective study over 3 years, in which cases of microfilariae in aspirates from swelling of different locations, body fluids, and pap smears were reviewed, and the clinicopathological data analysed. Results and Analysis Out of 11 530 cases of FNAC, 8700 cases of fluid cytology, and 9000 of conventional cervicovaginal smears, 12 cases (0.04%) of incidental findings of microfilariae were documented in cytology smears. The cases were diagnosed from lymph node (one case), hand (one case), scrotal area (one case), axilla (one case), breast (one case), subcutaneous tissue (three cases), urine (three cases), and Pap smear (one case). We found eosinophilia in one case (8.3%) of filarial lesions. We found two cases of incidental findings of microfilariae in association with malignant lesions. Conclusion Cytology smear examination can play an important role in diagnosing occult filariasis in clinically unsuspected cases in association with other pathologies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Cytological diagnosis of microfilariae in clinically unsuspected cases: A retrospective review of 12 cases

Gupta

Jain

et al. 2021

Cytopathology

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“…In the era of automated machine-based analysis [13][14][15][16], these parasitic organisms are easily overlooked [14] because it is not available in the system or possible overlapping between parasite morphology [15], and though doing things manually becomes inconvenient, subjectively and clinically [16], but applying microscopic examination of urinary sediments is very important for the diagnosis of these parasitic organisms [11]. Several actively motile organisms that can be seen morphologically in urine are Trichomonas vaginalis with its distinctive pyriform appearance, undulating membrane and actively moving flagellae [49], Microfilaria of Wuchereria spp or Brugia spp [50] which usually found in urinary sample with specific appearance of achylous hematuria [51], Schistosoma hematobium eggs in urine which usually increased number of eggs is shed in the urine around midday, so an optimum urine specimen for diagnosis should be collected at noon [52], and other rare organisms such as Balantidium coli [53] and even Paramecium [54].…”

Section: Parasitology Urinalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginal or Fecal Contamination Which Contributes to Parasite Existence in Urine Sediment

Siagian

2024

Int. J. Path. Res.

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Aims: intended to deepen our knowledge to date regarding parasites that might found in urine sediment as consequences of vaginal or fecal contamination during voiding Discussion: Urine in the bladder is a sterile waste product composed of water soluble nitrogen products. But during voiding, the passage of the urine through lower/outer portion of the urinary tract might come across normal microbiota which function in maintaining the urothelial integrity and preventing urinary tract infection (UTI), as well as promoting local immune function. Parasites and parasitic ova may be seen in urinary sediments as a result of fecal or vaginal contamination. Identification of parasites in centrifuged deposits of urine sediment is a relatively rare occurrence in clinical practice but still must be considered carefully, whether as a consequence of contamination or definite causes of infection. Two of the common parasite found in urine sediment are Trichomonas vaginalis and Enterobius vermicularis. Urine collection procedure must be explained briefly to the patient along with appropriate informed consent prior obtaining the sample. Conclusion: The possibility of parasites being found in urine sediment remain to happen. An in-depth analysis needs to be carried out to determine whether this occurs due to vaginal or rectal contamination or whether it is due to a definitive infection occurring in the urinary tract.

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“…[ 1 ] Filarial nematodes can be detected in peripheral blood, body fluids, urine, sputum, lymph node, thyroid, parotid, scrotum, and subcutaneous tissues along with a wide variety of metastatic sites. [ 2 - 4 ] Causative agents of human filariasis include W. bancrofti, B. malayi, Brugia timori, Loa loa, Mansonella perstans, Mansonella ozzardi, Mansonella streptocerca , and Onchocerca volvulus . Of all of the human filarial nematodes, W. bancrofti has the widest geographic distribution.…”

Section: Brief Review Of the Topicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cervical lymphadenopathy with dual pathology: Interesting finding

Gupta,

Kumar,

Kumari

et al. 2023

Cytojournal

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Cytology of achylous hematuria: A clue to an underlying uncommon clinical scenario

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Cytological diagnosis of microfilariae in clinically unsuspected cases: A retrospective review of 12 cases

Cytological diagnosis of microfilariae in clinically unsuspected cases: A retrospective review of 12 cases

Vaginal or Fecal Contamination Which Contributes to Parasite Existence in Urine Sediment

Cervical lymphadenopathy with dual pathology: Interesting finding

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