Cytological spectrum of salivary gland lesions and their correlation with epidemiological parameters

Abstract

Background:The role fine-needle aspiration (FNA) in the diagnosis of salivary gland lesions has evolved over the years. Although clinical and radiological parameters help to narrow the differential diagnosis the tissue diagnosis still remains the gold standard.Materials and Methods:This study is from January 2013 to December 2015 in our Department of Pathology where 170 salivary gland lesions were aspirated. The aim of the present study was to analyze adequacy rate in relation to the size of lesion and to evaluate varied cytological spectrum of salivary gland lesions with emphasis on differential diagnosis and to correlate cytological diagnosis with age, gender and anatomical site.Results:The 170 cytological smears were categorized into two groups: Group 1 adequate aspirations (88.2%), Group 2 inadequate aspirations (11.7%). The adequate aspirations were subdivided as neoplastic (53.33%) and nonneoplastic (46.66%). The distribution of the various neoplastic lesions (80; 53.33%) were 66 (82.5%) benign, 12 (15%) were malignant and 2 (2.5%) were suspicious of malignancy. Among benign neoplasms, the pleomorphic adenoma (62; 93.3%) was the most frequent followed by Warthins tumor (4; 6%). The most common malignant neoplasms were adenoid cystic carcinoma (6; 50%), followed by mucoepidermoid carcinoma (4; 33.3%), malignant lymphoma (1; 8.3%) and metastatic carcinomatous deposits (1; 8.3%). In two cases, cytological picture indicated suspicion for malignancy however specific tumor typing could not be done. The neoplasms occurred more frequently in the parotid gland (65%), followed by submandibular gland (21.3%) and minor salivary glands (13.8%). The nonneoplastic lesions (70) included 68.6% cases of chronic sialadenitis, 17.1% cases were reported as mucocele, 11.4% cases of acute sialadenitis 2.9% cases as tubercular granulomas.Conclusion:FNA cytology provides useful information on the management of salivary gland lesions and prevents unnecessary surgery in cases of nonneoplastic lesions and identification of malignancy helps the surgeon in deciding type and extent of surgery.

Diagnostic accuracy of FNA cytology for diagnosis of salivary gland tumors in pediatric patients

“…In our series, 94.1% (32 of 34 cases) of all cytological specimens were adequate for evaluation, and only 5.9% (2 of 24 cases) of results were inadequate. The percentage of inadequacy for salivary gland cytological samples in adult patients is variously reported in the literature and seems to range between 4% and 11.7% . In our series, FNAC of SGTs had a sensitivity of 0.92 and a specificity of 0.86, which did not differ from those observed in adults.…”

“…The percentage of inadequacy for salivary gland cytological samples in adult patients is variously reported in the literature and seems to range between 4% and 11.7%. [32][33][34] In our series, FNAC of SGTs had a sensitivity of 0.92 and a specificity of 0.86, which did not differ from those observed in adults. Therefore, it can be argued that salivary gland FNAC in pediatric patients shows high diagnostic adequacy, comparable to that observed in adult patients.…”

Retrospective assessment of the effectiveness of the Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytology: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of published literature

“…The malignancy prevalence in the current series was 22%, which was in concordance with the previous studies . Considering a pretest probability of 22%, Figure depicts the posttest probability of malignancy with FNA positive and negative results for malignancy in a Fagan nomogram for the five mentioned scenarios.…”

Cytopathological study of salivary gland lesions by fine needle aspiration cytology

“…The air dried and ethanol fixed smears were stained with May Grunwald's Giemsa, papanicolaou and hematoxylin and eosin stain respectively. 7 The histopathological findings of respective cases wherever available are noted. Thus, the cytological and histological diagnosis was arrived independently at different times and correlated to obtain the accuracy of FNAC in salivary gland lesions.…”