Cytological effects of the root extracts of Boerhaavia diffusa on root tips of Crinum jagus

Nwakanma, N. M. C.; Okoli, Bosa E.

doi:10.5053/ejobios.2010.4.0.13

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…Similar observation have been made by other workers who have used the Allium test to establish genotoxicity in other plant extracts (Nwakanma et al 2009, Oyedare et al 2009, Adegbite and Sanyaolu 2010. Experiments with other test systems such as Crinum jagus root tips have also given similar results (Nwakanma and Okoli 2010). These results suggest that the test extracts posses inhibitory and mitodepressive effects on the cell division of A. cepa.…”

supporting

confidence: 62%

Genotoxic and antimicrobial studies of the leaves of Psidium guajava

Ofodile¹,

Nwakanma²,

Mordi³

et al. 2013

Eurasia J Biosci

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Background:The guava, Psidium guajava is one of the most gregarious of fruit trees, of the Myrtaceae family. The leaf of P. guajava is a common herb used in the treatment of diarrhea in Nigeria and this has generated special interest in the probable antimicrobial and genotoxic effects of the leaf. However the mode of action of the leaf extracts has not been reported, hence the genotoxicity study. Material and Methods: Antimicrobial activity of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Psidium guajava on Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus aureus were investigated using agar-well method and also subjected to phytochemical screening and Gas chromatography-Mass spectroscopy analysis. General toxicity and genotoxic effects of the aqueous leaf extracts (0.01 g/mL, 0.03 g/mL, 0.06 g/mL and 0.08 g/mL) of P. guajava on Allium cepa root tips were also investigated using aceto-orcein squash technique. Results: Results showed that both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of guava leaf inhibited the growth of the bacteria and fungi tested. The ethanolic extract showed stronger inhibition than the aqueous extract against the organisms. A total of forty one compounds were identified in guava leaves using GC-MS analysis and these substances were found to be essential oils. The cytological effects at low concentration included mainly c-mitosis, vagrant chromosomes, chromosome bridges, and binucleate cells with EC 50 of 0.02 g/mL. Conclusions: The antimicrobial activity of the essential oils from the extracts of leaves of P. guajava could be partly due to alterations associated with the cell division as deduced from the results. Ofodile NL, Nwakanma NMC, Mordi M, Ademolu O, Ezimoke I, Owoso J (2013) Genotoxic and antimicrobial studies of the leaves of Psidium guajava. Eurasia J Biosci 7: 60-68. http://dx.

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supporting

confidence: 62%

Genotoxic and antimicrobial studies of the leaves of Psidium guajava

Ofodile¹,

Nwakanma²,

Mordi³

et al. 2013

Eurasia J Biosci

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“…To expose the genetic material to a mutagenic agent is caused by functional and structural mutation of these kind of proteins (Turkoglu et al, 2007). Many researchers implied that stickiness means high toxicity of the agent and it causes inappropriate protein-protein interaction (Nwakanma & Okoli, 2010). Also, the stickiness led to the disturbance in the enzyme system that it might be decrease in the rate of cell division (Mahakhode & Somkuwar, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of gamma radiation on M1 generation of three varieties of Triticum aestivum L.

Oney-Birol¹,

Balkan²

2019

PAK.J.BOT.

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The effects of 60 Cobalt (60 Co) gamma radiation on cell division and chromosomal structure in M 1 generations of three varieties (NKU Lider, Bezostaja and GK Beke's) of Triticum aestivum L. genotypes were determined in this study. To understand and compare the tolerance of on three bread wheat varieties to gamma radiation (100, 200 and 300Gy), the frequency of mitotic index, phase indices and genotoxicity rate were scored and statistically interpreted under irradiated and unirradiated conditions, respectively. In parallel with the increasing radiation dose, mean mitotic index rate decreased in NKU Lider and GK Beke's genotypes. 100Gy 60 Co gamma radiation application of NKU Lider was the most powerful genotype to increase mitotic activity as compared to other genotypes. However; depending on increasing dose of gamma radiation, cell division decreased in all studied genotypes except 200Gy application of Bezostaja genotype. Moreover, genotoxicity index of M 1 generation in NKU Lider genotype was decreased in all studied radiation doses with the increasing dose of 60 Co. Furthermore, three different variety of T. aestivum L. seeds treated with different doses of 60 Co gamma radiation showed many aberrant chromosomes such as disorderly prophase, stickiness, uncoiling chromosomes, disrupted equatorial plate, fragment, micronucleus, alignment anaphase, fault polarization, anaphase and telophase bridges, lagging chromosomes and stickiness in all mitotic phases. Consequently, the results suggest that gamma radiation effects are specific to the radiation dose and species, and even show different responses in different varieties of the same species.

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“…This plant is verified to have antidiabetic activity [57], antibacterial activity [58], hepatoprotective activity [56], analgesic/anti-inflammatory activity [59], antitumor activity [60], anticonvulsant activity [61], antiproliferative and antiestrogenic activity [62], cytological activity [63], bronchial asthma [64], and anti-fibrinolytic activity [65].…”

Section: Scientific Evidencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal Plants of West Godavari

Pola¹,

Kadali²

2018

Drug Discovery - Concepts to Market

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Medicinal plants are one of the nature's greatest gifts to the mankind. Each plant will have an exquisite deal of character, which can act as an antidote to various of diseases. Traditional medicine has become a vital alternative source of medicine all over the world today with some approximation of about 80% of the primary health care system in some developing countries. Medicinal plants are known to comprise of hundreds of active constituents that may be potentially useful for the development of therapeutic agents. The development of therapeutic agents involves the isolation and identification of bioactive compounds from plant materials which is crucial for drug discovery. Researchers from all around the globe have focused on drug discovery from the natures' wonder medicinal plants, forming an important group of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapy. West Godavari is a part of Andhra Pradesh, India, which hosts several plants that have high therapeutic significance. Each of the plants has a unique feature which can be employed for healing of various lethal diseases. The present examination intends to review the therapeutic plant assets of West Godavari area Andhra Pradesh. This evaluation also offers the critical elements which include medicinal properties of various medicinal plants found in West Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh, India. Drug Discovery -Concepts to Market 102 Drug Discovery -Concepts to Market 104 Drug Discovery -Concepts to Market 106 Drug Discovery -Concepts to Market 110 2.18.1. Scientific evidences This plant is verified to have anticarcinogenic and anti-lipid peroxidative [181], anti-inflammatory and analgesic [182], in vitro antioxidant [183], anticancer activity [184], and in vitro anthelmintic activity [185]. Tectona grandisT. grandis Linn. belongs to family Verbenaceae is one of the most well-known timbers in the world and is famous for its dimensional stability, extreme durability, and hardness which also resists decay even when unprotected by paints and preservatives. This plant is commonly called as teak. It is one of the most famous heartwood of the world. Timber value of teak has been well-known for decades [186,187]. Scientific evidencesThis plant is verified to have hair growth activity [188], cytotoxic activity [189], anti-hemolytic anemia activity [190], hypoglycemic activity [191], anti-inflammatory activity [192], diuretic activity [193], and gastroprotective activity [194]. Tamarindus indica L.Tamarindus indica or tamarind regarded as a tropical fruit tree native to the African savannahs and it is found in numerous tropical nations. It is arranged as a monospecific class in the group of Leguminosae. The sweet and harsh taste of its natural product mash is utilized to add flavor to neighborhood cooking styles. Other than culinary, tamarind is likewise utilized as a part of the conventional drug as purgative, diuretic, antibacterial operators and also in the treatment of fever and malarial contaminations [195,196]. Scientific evidencesThis plant is verified ...

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Cytological effects of the root extracts of Boerhaavia diffusa on root tips of Crinum jagus

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

Genotoxic and antimicrobial studies of the leaves of Psidium guajava

Genotoxic and antimicrobial studies of the leaves of Psidium guajava

Detection of cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of gamma radiation on M1 generation of three varieties of Triticum aestivum L.

Medicinal Plants of West Godavari

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