Cytokine and hormonal profile in serum samples of patients undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation: interleukin-1  predicts ongoing pregnancy

Abstract

Our findings revealed that detectable serum levels of IL-1beta on the day of oocyte retrieval in patients undergoing COS and ICSI are predictive of successful implantation and ongoing pregnancy.

Serum sTREM‐1 (Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells‐1) Associates Negatively with Embryo Quality in Infertility Patients

“…8 At the same time, our values are up to 50 times lower than amniotic fluid sTREM-1 in acute intra-amniotic infections, 31 but comparable to values distinguishing non-infectious effusion of tuberculosis pleuritis from bacterial pleural effusion. However, our levels of both serum and follicular sTREM-1 may confirm the previous results [17][18][19] that inflammatory reactions of some extent or in chronic manner take place in women with infertility. However, our levels of both serum and follicular sTREM-1 may confirm the previous results [17][18][19] that inflammatory reactions of some extent or in chronic manner take place in women with infertility.…”

“…11 A study by Koussoulas et al demonstrated the application of serum sTREM-1 as surrogate marker of therapy of peptic ulcer disease. In proof, increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines both in serum 17 and in follicular fluid 18,19 have been described previously. 12 In addition, TREM-1 is informative marker in non-infectious traumatic tissue damage.…”

Evaluation of N‐acetilglucosaminidase and myeloperoxidase activity in patients with endometriosis‐related infertility undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection

“…It is well‐recognized that many cytokines are of paramount importance for reproductive processes, such as follicular development, ovulation, fertilization, implantation and embryonic development 7,8 . The role of cytokines in the female reproductive system has been investigated during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in IVF attempts, which is clearly different from those of natural cycles 9–11 . Some studies have tried to assess the endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine milieu in patients with endometriosis on the basis of the measurement of several cytokines in serum and follicular fluid (FF) and in vitro culture of granulosa luteal cells.…”

“…7,8 The role of cytokines in the female reproductive system has been investigated during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in IVF attempts, which is clearly different from those of natural cycles. [9][10][11] Some studies have tried to assess the endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine milieu in patients with endometriosis on the basis of the measurement of several cytokines in serum and follicular fluid (FF) and in vitro culture of granulosa luteal cells. The results demonstrate that cytokines are regulated differently in patients with endometriosis, suggesting that a fine hormonal modulation of cytokines occurs at the systemic and local (ovarian) levels, which may contribute to reduced oocyte and embryo quality in endometriosis and thus result in a poor IVF outcome.…”

Effects of Acupuncture on Th1, Th2 Cytokines in Rats of Implantation Failure

“…The regulation of endometrial changes is not exclusively by ovarian hormones, the immune system has been implicated in normal endometrial function, similar to processes taking place during inflammatory and reparative path. Thus, cytokines and immune cells play a major role in endometrial tissue regeneration, growth, differentiation, and shedding throughout the normal menstrual cycle and in remodelling during embryonic implantation and growth [5–7]. …”