Cytogenetic effects of chitosan-capped silver nanoparticles in theAllium cepatest

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles are one of the most commonly used nanomaterials. However, there remains insufficient information on their genotoxic effects. The goal of this study was to investigate cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of chitosan-coated AgNPs using the well-established Allium test. Root tip cells were treated with solutions at different concentrations (1, 2.5, 5 and 50 mg l . The absence of induction of chromosomal and mitotic abnormalities by chitosan-capped AgNPs at low concentrations is possibly due to the capping, which may partly protect the cells from direct interaction with the AgNPs. Mitotic and chromosomal abnormalities and micronuclei were detected at a concentration of 50 mg l −1 . Significant increase in mitotic index was found at 5 and 50 mg l −1 concentrations of AgNP. The data demonstrated that chitosan-coated AgNP exhibit both clastogenic and aneugenic activity.

Characterization and cytotoxic effect of biogenic silver nanoparticles on mitotic chromosomes of Drimia polyantha (Blatt. & McCann) Stearn

“…8 a) for instance, chromosome breaks and losses. These findings suggest that the higher concentration of silver nanoparticles can induce toxicity and can affect the whole genome resulting into the DNA damage [ 63 , 64 ]. Previous reports [ 30 , 26 , 31 ] on mammalian and plant cells have proved that AgNPs accumulate in cytoplasm and may lead to toxic effect on mitochondria and nucleus, causing uncoupling of respiration and increased oxidative stress which leads to DNA breakage, base modification and cross linking of DNA damage, which can be repaired with or without cell cycle arrest [ 65 , 66 ].…”

Concentration- and time-dependent effects of strontium on Lens culinaris Medik.

“…Andronic (2012) examined the effect of viruses on tomato plants and DNA. Cytogenetic effects of metals, especially heavy metals, are in the focus of research efforts because of the huge amount of environmental pollution caused by metal-based industries (Aksoy & Deveci 2012;Pesnya 2013;Sepet et al 2014;Özdemir et al 2015). Those pollutants can have a direct effect on plant cytogenetics by causing small or large chromosomal changes (Gupta 2006).…”

In-vitro Study on Genotoxicity of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles

“…A dose-dependent sperm abnormality, clastogenicity and genotoxicity potentiated by Cadmium (Cd) coadministration to Ag NPs were observed [48]. Pesnya reported the absence of induction of chromosomal and mitotic abnormalities by chitosan-capped Ag NPs at low concentration using Allium test [49]. The frequency of chromosomal aberration inversely proportional to the mitotic index (MI) with increased concentration of Ag NPs in dosedependent manner was demonstrated by Daphedar et al [50].…”