Cytogenetic characterization of<i>Schinus terebinthifolius</i>Raddi (Anacardiaceae) accessions from Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

Luz, Leandro Vinícius da; Silva, Antonio Carlos Ferreira da; Laughinghouse, Haywood Dail; Tedesco, Solange Bósio; Coelho, Ana Paula Durand

doi:10.1080/00087114.2015.1032573

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Chromosome numbers have been used for taxonomical treatments (Cox et al, 1998;Bateman et al, 2003;Schneeweis et al, 2004;Almeida et al, 2007;Koch et al, 2012). According to Vinicius da Luz et al, (2015), only 14 % species belonging to the family Anacardiaceae have been investigated cytologically. Raven (1975) justifi ed and concluded that the ancestral basal chromosome number of the family is x = 7, suggesting that the evolution of the family is at tetraploid level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular phylogeny and chromosomal evolution of endemic species of Sri Lankan Anacardiaceae

Ariyarathne

Yakandawala

Barfuss

et al. 2020

J. Natn. Sci. Foundation Sri Lanka

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Family Anacardiaceae comprises 70 genera and approximately 985 species distributed worldwide. Sri Lanka harbours 19 species in seven genera, among these 15 are endemics. This study focuses on regionally restricted endemics and native Anacardiaceae species, which have not been investigated before at molecular and cytological level. Nuclear rDNA ITS and plastid matK regions were sequenced for ten species, having nine endemics and one native, and incorporated into the existing sequence data for phylogenetic analyses. The topologies resulting from maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference are congruent. Family Anacardiaceae forms a monophyletic group having monophyletic subfamily Anacardioideae and paraphyletic subfamily Spondioideae. Tribes Anacardieae, Semecarpeae and Rhoeae form subclades within the major clade of Anacardioideae. All the endemic species occupy correct position in the molecular phylogeny as per the existing classifi cation except for Campnosperma zeylanica, which shows a close relationship to members of the subfamily Spondioideae. The position of non-native species Trichoscypha acuminata also remains unclear. Chromosome counts and karyograms were constructed for fi ve endemic species. The chromosome numbers incorporated in the tree range from 2n = 28-58. Species of tribe Rhoeae have the lowest chromosome number (2n = 24, 28, 30) while species of tribe Semecarpeae have the higher numbers (2n = 50, 52, 58). Chromosome numbers mapped on the phylogeny shows that dysploidy had played a role in the evolution of the species of the family Anacardiaceae in Sri Lanka.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular phylogeny and chromosomal evolution of endemic species of Sri Lankan Anacardiaceae

Ariyarathne

Yakandawala

Barfuss

et al. 2020

J. Natn. Sci. Foundation Sri Lanka

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“…Também possui uma das menores variedades de número cromossômico, registrando apenas 14 números (2n = 14, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 36, 40, 42, 45, 48, 58 = 24 e 30 em P. lentiscus se devem a erro de contagem dos cromossomos ou erro de identificação da espécie no trabalho de . Posteriormente Al Saghir et al do tamanho cromossômico dentro do gênero é de 1.9 µm a 0.5 µm, com uma média de 1.1 µm, com centrômeros em posição mediana a submediana (LAS PEÑAS et al, 2006;LUZ et al, 2015;OGINUMA, et al, 1998) Euroschinus possui apenas relato de 2n = 48, sendo um dos dois gêneros a não apresentar 2n = 30. Os cromossomos possuem entre 2.7 µm e 0.8 µm, sendo considerados pelo autor como, em suma, metacêntricos e alguns pares submetacêntricos.…”

Section: Datas E Autoresunclassified

Estudos citotaxônomicos em Sapindales

Silva¹

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The citogenetics is the study of chromosomes and uses the chromosome number and the basic number as the main parameters of evaluation. The citotaxonomy as a tool has proved to be valuable means to elucidating biosystematic questions. The Sapindales order has nine families, where six of them are large families (Anacardiaceae, Burseraceae, Meliaceae, Sapindaceae e Simaroubaceae) and another three are small families (Biebersteiniaceae, Kirkiaceae and Nitrariaceae). Despite the order has already been corroborated as monofiletic many times, the relationships between families and their evolution still remain without a satisfactory model. Therefore, the study of state of art and of Sapindales chromosome number's evolution may serve as a database to solve these challenges. In chapter 1, we search in literature the chromosome numbers already published, as well as the extranumeric information such as: karyotype; images; discussions associated with phylogeny, basic number and ploidy level; logintudinal characterization; DNA content and microsporogenesis. We trace a cytogenetic knowledge order's, besides discuting chromosome number's evolution for the order and their families with suggestion of basic number. In chapter 2, we use the database of chromosome number with two phylogenetic trees for reconstruction of chromosome number's evolution for Sapindales orders and their families. The cytogenetic knowledge is low, with less than 50% of genders and 14% of species with a known number. The situation is similar for Brazilian genders. The extranumerical information is scarce, with the illustrations of the chromosomes being the most commonly presented. The ploidy level is the topic more discussed in publications. The records are mostly asiatics. There has been a decline in cytogenetic research since the 1980s. Regarding chromosome number evolution, in formation of large families of Sapindales, events of duplication and increase of chromosome number occurred from a common ancestor with x = 7, where x = 14 is the basic number in the root of the large families. The families had different evolutions of the chromosome number, but the internal tendency is the decrease of the chromosomic numbers through disploidia. Events of disploidia, mainly descending, are well recurrent throughout the evolutionary history of Sapindales. Polyploidy is an event that is not so present in the group, however, in the families in which it occurs, it was extremely important in diversification, as in Meliaceae and Rutaceae. The basic number suggestions were:

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Meiotic behavior and diploidy in Schinus terebinthifolia (Anacardiaceae)

et al. 2021

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The genus Schinus (Anacardiaceae) comprises 30 species found in Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina and Brazil. Schinus terebinthifolia (Brazilian pepper tree) is socioeconomically important in the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo. Dried fruit is used as a pepper-like spice and natural populations are exploited. Studies on the meiotic behavior and pollen stainability from an ecological and evolutionary point of view are essential, since they can promote future sustainable management strategies for this species. The objective was to evaluate meiotic behavior and characteristics of pollen grains of individuals from a natural population of S. terebinthifolia localized in the municipality of Vitória, Espírito Santo state, Brazil. Young anthers were squashed in 1% acetocarmine dye to obtain the pollen mother cells. The pollen stainability with 1% acetocarmine, Lugol’s iodine solution and Sudan IV and pollen shape were used to assess the pollen potential viability, cytochemistry and morphology. All individuals had a gametic number of n = 7, a regular meiotic behavior and so the somatic number is 2n = 2x = 14 chromosomes. Median pollen stainability was 94%. Pollen grains are dispersed as monads, 3 - colporate and subspheroidal. The exine has striate-reticulate ornamentation. Pollen grains are starch positive and lipid negative. This is the first report of the occurrence of diploidy for the species. The high pollen stainability is the result of the occurrence of regular meiosis. The presence of starch as pollen reserve can increase the resistance of pollen grains to hostile environments in this species.

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Cytogenetic characterization ofSchinus terebinthifoliusRaddi (Anacardiaceae) accessions from Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Molecular phylogeny and chromosomal evolution of endemic species of Sri Lankan Anacardiaceae

Molecular phylogeny and chromosomal evolution of endemic species of Sri Lankan Anacardiaceae

Estudos citotaxônomicos em Sapindales

Meiotic behavior and diploidy in Schinus terebinthifolia (Anacardiaceae)

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