Cytochromes P450 and insecticide resistance

Scott, Jeffrey G.

doi:10.1016/s0965-1748(99)00038-7

Cited by 671 publications

(485 citation statements)

References 164 publications

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“…MFOs can synthesize and degrade ecdysteroids and juvenile hormones, which are important for insect growth, development, and reproduction, as well as pheromone metabolism (Feyereisen, 1999). They can also catabolize and anabolize xenobiotics (i.e., drugs, pesticides, and plant toxins) and endogenous compounds (i.e., hormones, fatty acids, and steroids) (Scott, 1999). These effects of MFOs are possible because of their mode of action which involves the conversion of lipophilic compounds into more polar hydrophilic metabolites that are excreted at higher rates by the insect (Brattsten and Wilkinson, 1977).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of varying alkaloid concentrations on the feeding behavior of gypsy moth larvae, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)

Shields

Smith

Arnold

et al. 2008

Arthropod-Plant Interactions

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Nine alkaloids (acridine, aristolochic acid, atropine, berberine, caffeine, nicotine, scopolamine, sparteine, and strychnine) were evaluated as feeding deterrents for gypsy moth larvae (Lymantria dispar (L.); Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae). Our aim was to determine and compare the taste threshold concentrations, as well as the ED 50 values, of the nine alkaloids to determine their potency as feeding deterrents. The alkaloids were applied to disks cut from red oak leaves (Quercus rubra) (L.), a plant species highly favored by larvae of this polyphagous insect species. We used two-choice feeding bioassays to test a broad range of biologically relevant alkaloid concentrations spanning five logarithmetic steps. We observed increasing feeding deterrent responses for all the alkaloids tested and found that the alkaloids tested exhibited different deterrency threshold concentrations ranging from 0.1 mM to 10 mM. In conclusion, it appears that this generalist insect species bears a relatively high sensitivity to these alkaloids, which confirms behavioral observations that it avoids foliage containing alkaloids. Berberine and aristolochic acid were found to have the lowest ED 50 values and were the most potent antifeedants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of varying alkaloid concentrations on the feeding behavior of gypsy moth larvae, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)

Shields

Smith

Arnold

et al. 2008

Arthropod-Plant Interactions

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show abstract

“…In insects, this system is important in regulating levels of endogenous compounds such as hormones, fatty acids and steroids, as well as in the biotransformation of xenobiotics such as pesticides (Scott, 1999). P450 enzymes are also found in the biosynthetic pathways of ecdysteroids and juvenile hormones, which are central to insect growth, development, and reproduction (Feyereisen, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cytochrome P450 represents an inducible enzyme system, and increased amounts of specific P450 isozymes are observed after exposure of organisms to a variety of organic chemicals (Scott, 1999). Several major classes of environmental contaminants induce the cytochrome P450 system (Hoffman et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atrazine induction of a family 4 cytochrome P450 gene in Chironomus tentans (Diptera: Chironomidae)

2004

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“…The genes encoding these enzymes constitute one of the largest known gene superfamilies (http:͞͞drnelson.utmem.edu͞CytochromeP450.html), with the enormous proliferation reflecting the functional versatility of their encoded proteins. Studies in a wide variety of organisms have demonstrated that P450-catalyzed reactions are important for detoxification of exogenous compounds, such as drugs, toxic pollutants, pesticides, and plant allelochemicals, as well as biosynthesis of endogenous agents, such as steroid hormones, pheromones, and defense compounds (2)(3)(4)(5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversification of furanocoumarin-metabolizing cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in two papilionids: Specificity and substrate encounter rate

Liu

Schuler

Berenbaum

2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

169

160

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Diversification of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) is thought to result from antagonistic interactions between plants and their herbivorous enemies. However, little direct evidence demonstrates the relationship between selection by plant toxins and adaptive changes in herbivore P450s. Here we show that the furanocoumarin-metabolic activity of CYP6B proteins in two species of swallowtail caterpillars is associated with the probability of encountering host plant furanocoumarins. Catalytic activity was compared in two closely related CYP6B4 and CYP6B17 groups in the polyphagous congeners Papilio glaucus and Papilio canadensis. Generally, P450s from P. glaucus, which feeds occasionally on furanocoumarin-containing host plants, display higher activities against furanocoumarins than those from P. canadensis, which normally does not encounter furanocoumarins. These P450s in turn catalyze a larger range of furanocoumarins at lower efficiency than CYP6B1, a P450 from Papilio polyxenes, which feeds exclusively on furanocoumarin-containing host plants. Reconstruction of the ancestral CYP6B sequences using maximum likelihood predictions and comparisons of the sequence and geometry of their active sites to those of contemporary CYP6B proteins indicate that host plant diversity is directly related to P450 activity and inversely related to substrate specificity. These predictions suggest that, along the lineage leading to Papilio P450s, the ancestral, highly versatile CYP6B protein presumed to exist in a polyphagous species evolved through time into a more efficient and specialized CYP6B1-like protein in Papilio species with continual exposure to furanocoumarins. Further diversification of Papilio CYP6Bs has likely involved interspersed events of positive selection in oligophagous species and relaxation of functional constraints in polyphagous species.insects ͉ metabolism ͉ molecular modeling

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Cytochromes P450 and insecticide resistance

Cited by 671 publications

References 164 publications

The effect of varying alkaloid concentrations on the feeding behavior of gypsy moth larvae, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)

The effect of varying alkaloid concentrations on the feeding behavior of gypsy moth larvae, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)

Atrazine induction of a family 4 cytochrome P450 gene in Chironomus tentans (Diptera: Chironomidae)

Diversification of furanocoumarin-metabolizing cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in two papilionids: Specificity and substrate encounter rate

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