Cysteine-Assisted Tailoring of Adsorption Properties and Particle Size of Polymer and Carbon Spheres

Abstract

A series of cysteine-stabilized phenolic resin-based polymer and carbon spheres were prepared by the modified Stöber method. Cysteine plays a very important role in the proposed one-pot synthesis of the aforementioned spheres; namely, it acts as a particle stabilizer and a source of heteroatoms (nitrogen and sulfur) that can be introduced into these spheres. The diameter of these spheres can be tuned in the range of 70-610 nm by adjusting the cysteine amount and reaction temperature. Since polymer spheres obtained in the presence of cysteine contain sulfur and nitrogen heteroatoms, they were tested for adsorption of copper ions. It is shown that adsorption isotherms recorded for copper ions can be well fitted by Langmuir equation, giving unprecedented adsorption capacities up to ~65 mg/g.

Highly porous activated carbon materials from carbonized biomass with high CO2 capturing capacity

“…The It is noteworthy that the nitrogen loss during carbonization of the biomass studied is reasonable as compared to other nitrogen-containing carbons [41,42], suggesting that nitrogen is structurally bonded and distributed in the carbon. XPS analysis shows the presence of nitrogen as shown in Figure 4 (B-D) with the high resolution XPS spectra (N 1s) further revealing the form of nitrogen in the carbon model.…”

Nanoengineering Carbon Spheres as Nanoreactors for Sustainable Energy Applications

“…The particle size of the N‐doped mesoporous carbon spheres can be tuned from 40 to 750 nm and the carbon spheres with particle size of about 150 nm showed the highest activity among the catalysts. Through the addition of urea and cysteine to assist the synthesis of polymer spheres through the Stöber method, N‐doped and S‐doped carbon spheres can be further achieved …”

Nano‐resoles‐Enabled Elegant Nanostructured Materials

“…In addition, nitrogen and sulfur‐containing RF nanospheres were prepared by Wickramaratne et al. through a cysteine‐assisted Stöber method (Figure , V), where cysteine acted as both a particle stabilizer and heteroatom precursor . These heteroatom‐doping methods will enable nano‐resoles and their derivative materials as promising candidates for applications in adsorption and electrocatalysis .…”

“…through a cysteine‐assisted Stöber method (Figure , V), where cysteine acted as both a particle stabilizer and heteroatom precursor . These heteroatom‐doping methods will enable nano‐resoles and their derivative materials as promising candidates for applications in adsorption and electrocatalysis . The fabrication of nano‐resoles typically requires a reaction period of at least 24 h. To improve the synthesis efficiency, Pol and co‐workers reported an ultrafast synthesis of monodisperse RF nanospheres within 5 min (Figure , VI), Ultrasonic irradiation was utilized to initiate the polymerization and accelerate the gelation speed of RF precursors.…”

“…[26] According to the authors, urea was employed as an additional N-containing precursorb ecause that urea molecules could be encapsulated in the APF colloidal spheres.I n addition, nitrogen and sulfur-containing RF nanospheresw ere prepared by Wickramaratne et al throughac ysteine-assisted Stçber method (Figure 1, V), where cysteinea cted as both a particles tabilizer and heteroatom precursor. [27] These heteroatom-doping methods will enable nano-resoles and their derivative materials as promising candidates for applications in adsorption [27] and electrocatalysis. [25] The fabrication of nano-re-soles typically requires ar eactionp eriod of at least 24 h. To improve the synthesis efficiency,P ol and co-workers reported an ultrafast synthesis of monodisperse RF nanospheresw ithin 5min (Figure1,V I), [28] Ultrasonic irradiation wasu tilized to initiate the polymerization and accelerate the gelation speed of RF precursors.…”