Cyclophosphamide-associated carcinomaof urothelium: Modalities for prevention

Cannon, John; Links, Charles A.; Cos, Louis R.

doi:10.1016/0090-4295(91)80228-y

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…While both conjugates showed cytotoxicity in isolated rat renal proximal tubular cells, cytotoxicity was reduced for OPMA but not for its S-oxide when the cells were treated with methimazole, an inhibitor of flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO). The authors suggested that FMO-catalyzed S-oxygenation (bioactivation) of OPMA contributes to its cytotoxicity in the kidney [69], which would offer an explanation for the observed nephrotoxicity in rats given acrolein-GSH adduct intravenously [70] and possibly for acrolein's suspected involvement in cyclophosphamide-related urinary bladder cancer (acrolein is a metabolite of cyclophosphamide) [71]. In general, S-oxygenation can be mediated by cytochrome P450s and by FMOs.…”

Section: Glutathione Conjugation With Acroleinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acrolein: Sources, metabolism, and biomolecular interactions relevant to human health and disease

Stevens

Maier

2008

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

615

634

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Acrolein (2-propenal) is ubiquitously present in (cooked) foods and in the environment. It is formed from carbohydrates, vegetable oils and animal fats, amino acids during heating of foods, and by combustion of petroleum fuels and biodiesel. Chemical reactions responsible for release of acrolein include heat-induced dehydration of glycerol, retro-aldol cleavage of dehydrated carbohydrates, lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, and Strecker degradation of methionine and threonine. Smoking of tobacco products equals or exceeds the total human exposure to acrolein from all other sources. The main endogenous sources of acrolein are myeloperoxidase-mediated degradation of threonine and amine oxidase-mediated degradation of spermine and spermidine, which may constitute a significant source of acrolein in situations of oxidative stress and inflammation. Acrolein is metabolized by conjugation with glutathione and excreted in the urine as mercapturic acid metabolites. Acrolein forms Michael adducts with ascorbic acid in vitro, but the biological relevance of this reaction is not clear. The biological effects of acrolein are a consequence of its reactivity towards biological nucleophiles such as guanine in DNA and cysteine, lysine, histidine, and arginine residues in critical regions of nuclear factors, proteases, and other proteins. Acrolein adduction disrupts the function of these biomacromolecules which may result in mutations, altered gene transcription, and modulation of apoptosis.

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Section: Glutathione Conjugation With Acroleinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acrolein: Sources, metabolism, and biomolecular interactions relevant to human health and disease

Stevens

Maier

2008

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

615

634

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“…or from the volatiles generated during the thermal treatment of animal or vegetable fats at high temperatures [3,4]. Moreover, ACR is regarded as an endogenous product from myeloperoxidase-mediated degradation of threonine, amine oxidase-mediated degradation of spermine and spermidine [5], metabolism of a group of widely used alkylating oxazaphosphorines (anticancer drugs) [6] and free radical-initiated lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acrolein scavengers: Reactivity, mechanism and impact on health

Zhu

Sun

Jiang

et al. 2011

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Acrolein (ACR) is an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde that exists extensively in the environment and (thermally processed) foods. It can also be generated through endogenous metabolism. Its high electrophilicity makes this aldehyde notorious for its facile reaction with biological nucleophiles, leading to the modification of proteins/DNA and depletion of glutathione. Recent studies also have revealed its roles in disturbing various cell signing pathways in biological systems. With growing evidences of ACR's implication in human diseases, strategies to eliminate its hazardous impacts are of great importance. One of the intervention strategies is the application of reactive scavengers to directly trap ACR. Some known ACR scavengers include sulfur (thiol)-containing and nitrogen (amino)-containing compounds as well as the newly emerging natural polyphenols. In this review, the interactions between ACR and its scavengers are highlighted. The discussion about ACR scavengers is mainly focused on their chemical reactivity, trapping mechanisms as well as their roles extended to biological relevance. In addition to their direct trapping effect on ACR, these scavengers might possess multiple functions and offer additional benefits against ACR-induced toxicity. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanism involved may help to establish ACR scavenging as a novel therapeutic intervention against human diseases that are associated with ACR and/or oxidative stress.

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“…1 Risk factors that have been associated with bladder cancer include smoking, chronic inflammatory changes in the bladder (due to persistent bladder stones, recurrent urinary tract infections, indwelling catheters, or schistosomiasis), and chemotherapeutic exposure, such as cyclophosphamide. [2][3][4][5][6][7] Other risk factors include pelvic irradiation, occupational exposure to chemicals from the aromatic amines family and chronic phenacetin use. [8][9][10][11] Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) accounts for about 80% of all bladder cancers; 12 Ta bladder cancer accounts for most of NMIBC (60%) where T1 and Tis (carcinoma in situ [CIS]) account for 30% and 10%, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer

Aldousari

Kassouf

2013

CUAJ

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Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is a heterogeneous population of tumours accounting for 80% of bladder cancers. Over the years, the management of this disease has been changing with improvements in results and outcomes. In this review, we focus on the latest updates on the management of NMIBC.Can Urol Assoc J 2010;4(1):56-64 RésuméLe cancer de la vessie sans envahissement musculaire est un groupe hétérogène de tumeurs représentant 80 % des cancers de la vessie. Au fil des années, la prise en charge de cette maladie a évolué, et les résultats et issues thérapeutiques se sont améliorés. Dans l'article qui suit, nous présentons les plus récents développe-ments dans la prise en charge de ce type de cancer.

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Cyclophosphamide-associated carcinomaof urothelium: Modalities for prevention

Cited by 36 publications

References 20 publications

Acrolein: Sources, metabolism, and biomolecular interactions relevant to human health and disease

Acrolein: Sources, metabolism, and biomolecular interactions relevant to human health and disease

Acrolein scavengers: Reactivity, mechanism and impact on health

Update on the management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer

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