“…2) determined by HPLC. 21 The concentration (solubility) of carvedilol in the donor phase (C d ) was determined by HPLC. The results presented are the means and the standard deviation (SD) of four separate experiments.…”
“…2) determined by HPLC. 21 The concentration (solubility) of carvedilol in the donor phase (C d ) was determined by HPLC. The results presented are the means and the standard deviation (SD) of four separate experiments.…”
“…Methyl-β-cylodextrin is able to potentiate the in vitro anti-tumoral activity of doxorubicin in several sensitive cell lines (Grosse et al, 1998). Several studies have shown some cyclodextrins, including methyl-β-cyclodextrin, have unique cellular activities in terms of its interaction with the plasma membrane, permeabilization or hemolytic activity (Hirayama et al, 1990;Loftsson et al, 2002;Nagase et al, 2002). Methyl-β-cyclodextrin is considered as an interesting candidate for experimental cancer treatment because of its relatively low toxicity, unlike di-and tri-methyl-β-cyclodextrin (Grosse et al, 1999).…”
A bstractMethyl-β-cyclodextrin, a cyclic oligosaccharide know n for its interaction w ith the plasm a m em brane induces several events in cells including cell growth and anti-tum or activity. In this study, w e have investigated the possible role of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in cell growth arrest induced by m ethyl-β-cyclodextrin in Raw264.7 macrophage cells. M ethyl-β-cyclodextrin inhibited cell grow th and arrested the cell cycle, and this cell cycle arrest reduced the population of cells in the S phase, and concom itantly reduced cyclin A and D expressions. M ethyl-β-cyclodextrin in a dose-and tim e-dependent manner, also induced COX-2 expression, prostaglandin E 2 (PG E 2 ) synthesis, and CO X-2 prom oter activity. Pretreatm ent of cells w ith NS398, a CO X-2 specific inhibitor com pletely blocked PG E 2 synthesis induced by m ethyl-β-cyclodextrin, how ever inhibition on cell proliferation and cell cycle arrest w as not effected, suggesting nonas so cia tio n o f C O X -2 in th e ce ll cy cle arres t. These results suggest that m ethyl-β-cyclodextrin induced cell growth inhibition and cell cycle arrest in Raw 264.7 cells m ay be m ediated by cyclin A and D1 expression.
“…Cyclodextrins complexes with penetration enhancers have the additive effect on the permeability of drug the membrane barriers. [26,[92][93][94][95][96][97] Loftsson et al studied the permeability study of testosterone through transdermal delivery from o/w cream through hairless mouse skin using 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and glycerol mono ether, a penetration enhancer. HP-β-CD showed about 60% increase in testosterone flux whereas extract showed only 40% increase when added to the cream.…”
Inclusion complexes have various applications in different fields of drug delivery and pharmaceutical industry due to their ability of complexation with guest molecules and enhancement of the physicochemical properties of guest molecules. Cyclodextrins and their derivatives have the ability to encapsulate the bioactive compounds into its cavity and protect these from the environmental conditions, improve the solubility, bioavailability, and other properties also. The aim of this review is to highlight the advantages of cyclodextrins in the enhancement of physicochemical properties of drugs (such as solubility, stability, bioavailability, permeability, and others), different methods for production and various characterization techniques used for evaluation of complexes. Applications of cyclodextrin complexes in pharmaceutical and other fields are also explained here with examples. Thus cyclodextrins, because of their continuing ability to find several novel applications in drug delivery, are expected to solve many problems accompanied with the delivery of different novel drugs through various delivery routes.
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