Cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase: a key enzyme in the assimilation of starch by the halophilic archaeon Haloferax mediterranei

Bautista, Vanesa; Esclapez, Julia; Pérez-Pomares, Francisco; Martínez‐Espinosa, Rosa María; Camacho, Mónica; Bonete, Marı́a José

doi:10.1007/s00792-011-0414-z

Cited by 38 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…mediterranei is strongly amylolytic, proteolytic, and lipolytic. Some of these hydrolytic enzymes were characterized, including a salt‐requiring α‐amylase showing optimal activity at 3 M NaCl (Pérez‐Pomares et al ., ); several intracellular carbohydrate‐degrading activities that enable the use of dextrins larger than maltose (Pérez‐Pomares et al ., ); a cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase involved in intermolecular and intramolecular α‐1,4 transglycosylation reactions during starch assimilation (Bautista et al ., ); four putative chitinases (the first reported from halophilic Archaea) with hydrolytic activity toward colloidal or powdered chitin, one of which producing diacetylchitobiose (Hou et al ., ); and a serine protease designated halolysin R4 (Kamekura et al ., ).…”

Section: Weed‐like Traits Of Haloferax Mediterraneimentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial weeds in hypersaline habitats: the enigma of the weed-likeHaloferax mediterranei

Oren

Hallsworth

2014

FEMS Microbiol Lett

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Heterotrophic prokaryotic communities that inhabit saltern crystallizer ponds are typically dominated by two species, the archaeon Haloquadratum walsbyi and the bacterium Salinibacter ruber, regardless of location. These organisms behave as 'microbial weeds' as defined by Cray et al. (Microb Biotechnol 6: 453-492, 2013) that possess the biological traits required to dominate the microbiology of these open habitats. Here, we discuss the enigma of the less abundant Haloferax mediterranei, an archaeon that grows faster than any other, comparable extreme halophile. It has a wide window for salt tolerance, can grow on simple as well as on complex substrates and degrade polymeric substances, has different modes of anaerobic growth, can accumulate storage polymers, produces gas vesicles, and excretes halocins capable of killing other Archaea. Therefore, Hfx. mediterranei is apparently more qualified as a 'microbial weed' than Haloquadratum and Salinibacter. However, the former differs because it produces carotenoid pigments only in the lower salinity range and lacks energy-generating retinal-based, light-driven ion pumps such as bacteriorhodopsin and halorhodopsin. We discuss these observations in relation to microbial weed biology in, and the open-habitat ecology of, hypersaline systems.

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Section: Weed‐like Traits Of Haloferax Mediterraneimentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial weeds in hypersaline habitats: the enigma of the weed-likeHaloferax mediterranei

Oren

Hallsworth

2014

FEMS Microbiol Lett

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“…For example, the haloarchaeon H. mediterranei secretes an α-amylase showing optimum temperature between 50 and 60°C, but it retains 65% of the maximum activity at 80°C [55]. H. mediterranei also has a monomeric extracellular cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase working optimally at 55°C and 1.5 M NaCl, but it is active even at low salt concentrations as 0.5 M NaCl (retaining 65% of its activity) [56]. Cyclodextrins are interesting molecules because of their ability to form inclusion complexes with organic molecules, increasing their solubility in aqueous solutions.…”

Section: Glycosyl Hydrolasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocompounds from Haloarchaea and Their Uses in Biotechnology

Torregrosa-Crespo¹,

Galiana²,

MaríaMartínez-Espinosa³

2017

Archaea - New Biocatalysts, Novel Pharmaceuticals and Various Biotechnological Applications

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New advances in the understanding of haloarchaea physiology, metabolism, biochemistry, and molecular biology show that these kinds of microorganisms produce several compounds in response to the extreme conditions of their ecosystems. Thus, the complete metabolic and genetic machineries are fully adapted to nutrient starvation, high sun radiation, and high ionic strength. Due to these adaptations, some of the primary and secondary metabolites produced by haloarchaea are of high interest in terms of potential biotechnological uses. The principal goal of the chapter is to present a review about the main characteristics of these biocompounds and their potential uses in biomedicine, pharmacy, and industry.

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“…Examples of secreted enzymes include proteases such as halolysins and pyrolysins (Kamekura et al, 1992; de Vos et al, 2001; Shi et al, 2006; De Castro et al, 2008), proteins involved in starch degradation such as α-amylase and cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (Kobayashi et al, 1994; Hutcheon et al, 2005; Bautista et al, 2012), and a copper-containing oxidase (laccase; Uthandi et al, 2010). In some cases, secretion and localization have been studied in more detail.…”

Section: Diversity Of Secreted Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and Subcellular Distribution of Archaeal Secreted Proteins

Szabó

Pohlschröder

2012

Front. Microbio.

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Secreted proteins make up a significant percentage of a prokaryotic proteome and play critical roles in important cellular processes such as polymer degradation, nutrient uptake, signal transduction, cell wall biosynthesis, and motility. The majority of archaeal proteins are believed to be secreted either in an unfolded conformation via the universally conserved Sec pathway or in a folded conformation via the Twin arginine transport (Tat) pathway. Extensive in vivo and in silico analyses of N-terminal signal peptides that target proteins to these pathways have led to the development of computational tools that not only predict Sec and Tat substrates with high accuracy but also provide information about signal peptide processing and targeting. Predictions therefore include indications as to whether a substrate is a soluble secreted protein, a membrane or cell wall anchored protein, or a surface structure subunit, and whether it is targeted for post-translational modification such as glycosylation or the addition of a lipid. The use of these in silico tools, in combination with biochemical and genetic analyses of transport pathways and their substrates, has resulted in improved predictions of the subcellular localization of archaeal secreted proteins, allowing for a more accurate annotation of archaeal proteomes, and has led to the identification of potential adaptations to extreme environments, as well as phyla-specific pathways among the archaea. A more comprehensive understanding of the transport pathways used and post-translational modifications of secreted archaeal proteins will also facilitate the identification and heterologous expression of commercially valuable archaeal enzymes.

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Cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase: a key enzyme in the assimilation of starch by the halophilic archaeon Haloferax mediterranei

Cited by 38 publications

References 45 publications

Microbial weeds in hypersaline habitats: the enigma of the weed-likeHaloferax mediterranei

Microbial weeds in hypersaline habitats: the enigma of the weed-likeHaloferax mediterranei

Biocompounds from Haloarchaea and Their Uses in Biotechnology

Diversity and Subcellular Distribution of Archaeal Secreted Proteins

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