Cycle-Tempo Simulation of Ultra-Micro Gas Turbine Fueled by Producer Gas Resulting from Leaf Waste Gasification

Abstract

Leaf waste has the potential to be converted into energy because of its high availability both in the world and Indonesia. Gasification is a conversion technology that can be used to convert leaves into producer gas. This gas can be used for various applications, one of which is using it as fuel for gas turbines, including ultra-micro gas ones, which are among the most popular micro generators of electric power at the time. To minimize the risk of failure in the experiment and cost, simulation is used. To simulate the performance of gas turbines, the thermodynamic analysis tool called Cycle-Tempo is used. In this study, Cycle-Tempo was used for the zero-dimensional thermodynamic simulation of an ultra-micro gas turbine operated using producer gas as fuel. Our research contributions are the simulation of an ultra-micro gas turbine at a lower power output of about 1 kWe and the use of producer gas from leaf waste gasification as fuel in a gas turbine. The aim of the simulation is to determine the influence of air-fuel ratio on compressor power, turbine power, generator power, thermal efficiency, turbine inlet temperature and turbine outlet temperature. The simulation was carried out on condition that the fuel flow rate of 0.005 kg/s is constant, the maximum air flow rate is 0.02705 kg/s, and the air-fuel ratio is in the range of 1.55 to 5.41. The leaf waste gasification was simulated before, by using an equilibrium constant to get the composition of producer gas. The producer gas that was used as fuel had the following molar fractions: about 22.62% of CO, 18.98% of H2, 3.28% of CH4, 10.67% of CO2 and 44.4% of N2. The simulation results show that an increase in air-fuel ratio resulted in turbine power increase from 1.23 kW to 1.94 kW. The generator power, thermal efficiency, turbine inlet temperature and turbine outlet temperature decreased respectively from 0.89 kWe to 0.77 kWe; 3.17% to 2.76%; 782 °C to 379 °C and 705°C to 304 °C. The maximums of the generator power and thermal efficiency of 0.89 kWe and 3.17%, respectively, were obtained at the 1.55 air-fuel ratio. The generator power and thermal efficiency are 0.8 kWe and 2.88%, respectively, with the 4.64 air-fuel ratio or 200% excess air. The result of the simulation matches that of the experiment described in the literature.

Simulation Integrated Low Rank Coal Gasification SOFC Fuel Cell using Cycle Tempo: Energetic Analysis

“…The ultimate analysis of the coal for gasification, which was obtained from South Sumatra, Indonesia is referred from Vidian et al, [27]. The block cycle tempo model for the gasification unit was modeled using a two-stage equilibrium principle with temperature of equilibrium of 500°C and 850°C respectively [28]. The producer gas was produced from gasification with compositions in mole fraction about CO 21.23 %; H2 19.08%; CH4 3.31%; CO2 10.50%; N2 44.86%, Ar 0.53%, H2O 0.49%.…”

Performance analysis of a natural gas‐fueled 1 kW solid oxide fuel cell‐combined heat and power system with off‐gas recirculation of anode and cathode

“…The entire system is implemented using the energy conversion system thermodynamic simulation and optimization program called Cycle-Tempo, which was developed by the Laboratory for Thermal Power Engineering of Delft University. It can calculate the flow rates, thermodynamic variables, chemical equilibria, and mixed flow components of the fuel cell system process or combined process, and is used in the study of many energy [11,12] and fuel cell sys-tems [13,14]. The calculation method is mainly based on the mass balance and energy balance.…”