Cybercrime Prevention

Brewer, Russell; Vel-Palumbo, Melissa de; Hutchings, Alice; Holt, Thomas J.; Goldsmith, Andrew; Maimon, David

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-31069-1

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The delivery of wrap-around cultural education, including parents, health-care providers, law enforcement and religious organisations, is a common recommendation (Balajanov, 2018; Chen et al , 2021; Choi et al , 2017; Dolev-Cohen and Ricon, 2020). Such programmes could address both situational crime prevention through target hardening, which includes teaching young people how to avoid becoming victims of cybercrime and warning them of the risks and consequences of perpetration (Brewer et al , 2019). As a way of emphasising the slippery slope from digital harm to digital crime, Marcum and Higgins (2019) recommended an education programme be co-designed by schools and law enforcement, delivered by officers in class.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital displacement of youth offending: addressing the issue

McCord

Birch²,

Bizo³

2022

JFP

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Purpose Global evidence suggests a potential displacement of youth offending from the physical to the digital landscape, requiring revision of existing detection and intervention methods. This study aims to explore pathways from harmful to illegal online activity perpetrated by young people, legislation and police perspectives, current detection methods and interventions. Design/methodology/approach This perspective paper examines issues observed within a larger systematic literature review on digital youth offending. Findings A trajectory from acceptable to harmful and subsequently illegal behaviour was identified, with a particular pathway from unethical video game activity to digitally dependent offending. Legislation and police perspectives vary by jurisdiction, with a common theme that increased officer education is key to the level of preparedness to investigate cases. Machine learning and automatic prevention show promise as detection and disruption processes, with education recommended for young people as a deterrent and redirection of skills to positive outcomes. Research limitations/implications Recommendations for further research include a broad survey of school students to include all identified areas of digital offending, which could drive the development of targeted education by law enforcement and partner agencies for young people. Practical implications The shift in youth offending requires the justice and educational systems to adjust how they respond to youth crime. Policy and practise shifts can include further exploration of investigative hacking, education for law enforcement and educational prevention and redirection programmes aimed at youth. Originality/value The digital displacement of youth offending is a progressively emerging concept. This paper examines the current state of response from educational and law enforcement agencies and discusses the next steps based on what is currently known.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital displacement of youth offending: addressing the issue

McCord

Birch²,

Bizo³

2022

JFP

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“…Another possible explanation for our results is that, as argued by Holt (2017), the effect of deterrence in cyberspace is limited, which would render the campaigns ineffective. In line with this, some authors argue that potential cybercriminals may perceive a low risk of detection and, therefore, low certainty of punishment, which could be amplified by the influence of deviant peers (Brewer et al., 2019). Although not all ad texts used in the evaluated campaigns contain deterrent informational nudges, but also, for example, social comparison nudges (Moneva et al., 2022), it could be argued that by including the name or logo of the police as an authority figure in the ads or landing pages could have an inherent deterrent meaning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Faced with the growing threat of cybercrime, law enforcement agencies around the world are stepping up their prevention efforts (e.g., Europol & Dutch National Police, 2021; Interpol, 2022; National Crime Agency, 2022). However, due to the scarcity of rigorous evaluations, it is unclear whether currently used cybercrime prevention strategies actually work to reduce cybercrime (e.g., Brewer et al., 2019). The lack of knowledge about the effect that these strategies may have on the target population is dangerous because it can lead to the oversight of possible negative consequences, such as criminogenic effects, and the wastage of resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of online ad campaigns on DDoS‐attacks: A cross‐national difference‐in‐differences quasi‐experiment

Moneva,

Leukfeldt

2023

Criminology & Public Policy

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Research SummaryEuropean law enforcement agencies have begun to use targeted online ad campaigns to raise cybercrime awareness among at‐risk populations. Despite their rapid proliferation, there is little research to support their efficacy and effectiveness. This study uses a quasi‐experimental difference‐in‐differences design to evaluate the effect of seven campaigns deployed in 2021 and 2022 on the volume of (distributed) denial‐of‐service or (D)DoS‐attacks recorded in six European countries: Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and Portugal. The results show mixed effects, suggesting that the campaigns are not clearly effective in reducing DDoS‐attacks in the short term.Policy ImplicationsLaw enforcement has partly justified the use of targeted online ad campaigns on the premise that they reduce DDoS‐attacks. However, this study shows that the evidence in this regard is inconclusive. If public support for the use of such campaigns is to be secured in the long term, law enforcement will likely need to rely on stronger arguments. The effect of this type of campaigns needs to be further investigated.

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“…In turn, this may help to minimize early onset involvement in hacking among females. However, substantive empirical research is needed to develop and evaluate any cybercrime prevention programs generally (Brewer et al, 2019; Holt & Bossler, 2015; Leukfeldt, 2017; NCA, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Role of Opportunity and Low Self-Control in Juvenile Hacking

Holt

Cale

Brewer

et al. 2020

Crime & Delinquency

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Gottfredson and Hirschi’s general theory of crime argues individuals with low self-control are more likely to engage in crime on and off-line. There is less research considering the role of opportunity, as low self-control should increase individuals’ willingness to act on opportunities to offend. The importance of opportunity is distinct for cybercrime, as technology access may be differentially impacted by various demographic factors. This study surveyed 1,411 South Australian adolescents enrolled at secondary schools across a large metropolitan region to examine the relationships between opportunity and self-control for four forms of computer hacking. A series of binary logistic regression models illustrated that distinct opportunity factors and low self-control are associated with each form of hacking.

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Cybercrime Prevention

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Digital displacement of youth offending: addressing the issue

Digital displacement of youth offending: addressing the issue

The effect of online ad campaigns on DDoS‐attacks: A cross‐national difference‐in‐differences quasi‐experiment

Assessing the Role of Opportunity and Low Self-Control in Juvenile Hacking

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