CXCL1 promoted the migration and invasion abilities of oral cancer cells and might serve as a promising marker of prognosis in tongue cancer

Abstract

BackgroundOral tongue squamous cell carcinoma tends to metastasize to cervical lymphatic nodes early which leads to a 50% drop of survival rate. CXCL1 could be secreted by LNMTca8113 cell induced lymphatic endothelial cells and promoted LNMTca8113 cell migration. The current study aimed to further explore the effect of CXCL1 on the proliferation and migration abilities of tongue cancer cells and the prognostic value of serum CXCL1 in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsCell proliferation and migration ability were analysed by CCK8 assays and transwell migration assays. Immunofluorescence technique was used to show cytoskeleton. GST pull‐down assay was applied to quantify the activation of GTPases. Blood samples of patients were collected and clinicopathological characteristics were analysed.ResultsCXCL1 could promote cancer cell proliferation in appropriate concentration by PI3K/AKT pathway. It also regulated the activation of Rho GTPases to mediate the rearrangements of cytoskeleton to promote tumour cell migration. Level of plasma CXCL1 could predict the possibility of early lymphatic metastasis and had a predictive value in progression‐free survival and overall survival.ConclusionsCXCL1 could promote oral cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and contributed theoretical knowledge for the target selection in molecular targeted therapy. Level of plasma CXCL1 might serve as a biomarker for prognosis in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma patients.

The role of CXCL family members in different diseases

“…In addition, Myakoshina et al suggested that CXCL10 and CXCL12 promoted cell proliferation and angiogenesis in uveal melanoma respectively [62]. Zhang et al indicated that level of CXCL1 had potential to be a biomarker of oral cancer due to its positive effect on the tumor-associated physiological behaviors such as proliferation and invasion, supporting the relevant researches for targeting treatment [63]. In summary, CXCL family extensively takes part in immune reaction and biological processes of tumor, which contains angiogenesis, cellular transformation, tumor cell invasion, cancer metastasis to specific site and so on [19].…”

“…In vivo and vitro [31] Oral cancer In vivo and vitro [63] Breast cancer In vivo [37] Pancreatic cancer…”

“…Majority of CXCL chemokines binding to corresponding receptors are involved in tumor growth via the activation of different signaling pathways (STAT3 [29,105], NF-κB [31], Ras [7], MAPK [131], PI3K [47], TGF-β [7], β-catenin [57], ERK1/2 [47]). It eventually affects proliferation, invasion, migration and transformation of cancer cells, immune control, and tumor angiogenesis [24,47,48,58,63,69].…”

The Value of CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, and CXCL8 as Potential Prognosis Markers in Cervical Cancer: Evidence of E6/E7 from HPV16 and 18 in Chemokines Regulation

“…Another significant finding is its impact on survival in patients with this pathology, as its overexpression correlates with a worse prognosis. This could be due to the fact that CXCL1 expression is related to increased proliferation and immortalization [60], the migration of carcinogenic cells [61], and angiogenic activation [62], as well as more severe cancer progression [63,64].…”

Biological function of C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 1 gene (CXCL1) in ovarian malignant tumors

“…It also regulated the activation of Rho GTPases to mediate the rearrangements of cytoskeleton to promote tumour cell migration. 20 Duckworth 21 found that GAB2 overexpression in ovarian cancer cells promotes tumor growth and angiogenesis by upregulating the expression of CXCL1, CXCL2, and CXCL8. In the present study, an in vitro cell invasion experiment showed that the invade ability of overexpressing CXCL1 ovarian cancer cells was significantly enhanced.…”