Cutaneous mechanoreceptors influencing impulse discharges in cerebellar cortex. II. In Purkyně cells by mossy fiber input

Eccles, John C.; Sabah, Nassir H.; Schmidt, Robert F.; Táboríková, H

doi:10.1007/bf00235911

Cited by 61 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The PF response of PCs could therefore be more suppressed by on-beam inhibition (Cohen and Yarom, 2000). In accordance with this, PCs can be inhibited by peripheral stimuli from an area that is larger than their excitatory RF (Eccles et al, 1972;Bower and Woolston, 1983;Ekerot and Jo « rntell, 2001). Conversely, our modelling study suggests that the inhibitory inputs on Golgi cells (Dieudonne ¤, 1995) have little e¡ect on the response patterns we investigated experimentally.…”

Section: Activation Of Parallel ¢Bressupporting

confidence: 74%

Peripheral stimuli excite coronal beams of Golgi cells in rat cerebellar cortex

et al. 2002

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Section: Activation Of Parallel ¢Bressupporting

confidence: 74%

Peripheral stimuli excite coronal beams of Golgi cells in rat cerebellar cortex

et al. 2002

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“…For example, Bell and Grimm (1969) reported a lack of pf-induced correlative firing in PCs separated by more than a few tens of microns, a result also recently reported by Jaeger (2003). Eccles and colleagues found patches-not beams-of activated PCs in the cat cerebellum after peripheral tactile stimulation (Eccles et al 1972). Our own tactile stimulation mapping experiments found activated PCs only immediately overlying activated regions of the granule cell layer in the rat (Bower and Woolston 1983;Lu et al 2005), a result also subsequently demonstrated in the cat (Kolb et al 1997) and the isolated guinea pig cerebellum (Cohen and Yarom 1998).…”

Section: Functional Implicationssupporting

confidence: 61%

“…All published explanations for the lack of beamlike effects under more natural stimulus conditions have proposed that pfs are less powerful than previously believed (Eccles et al 1972), either because of the desynchronization of action potentials as they travel along the pfs (Llinás 1982) or because of the small number of simultaneously activated granule cells (Braitenberg et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The primary physiological support for this assumption, known as the beam hypothesis (Braitenberg and Atwood 1958), has come from studies in which pf activity is induced with direct electrical stimulation of the molecular layer (Coutinho et al 2004;Dunbar et al 2004;Eccles et al 1966a;Gao et al 2003;Ito and Kano 1982). However, numerous efforts to obtain beams of PCs under more natural forms of activation of the granule cell-pf-PC pathway have failed (Bell and Grimm 1969;Bower and Woolston 1983;Cohen and Yarom 1998;Eccles et al 1972;Kolb et al 1997). Instead, the subset of these studies that have recorded from both granule cell and PC layer activity demonstrated that activated PCs are found only immediately overlying stimulated regions of the granule cell layer (Bower and Woolston 1983;Cohen and Yarom 1998;Jaeger 2003;Kolb et al 1997;Lu et al 2005), leaving the influence of pfs unresolved (Bower 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feedforward Inhibition Controls the Spread of Granule Cell–Induced Purkinje Cell Activity in the Cerebellar Cortex

Santamarı́a¹,

Tripp²,

Bower³

2007

Journal of Neurophysiology

107

145

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Although most theories of cerebellar function assume these synapses produce an excitatory sequential "beamlike" activation of PCs, numerous physiological studies have failed to find such beams. Using a computer model of the cerebellar cortex we predicted that the lack of PCs beams is explained by the concomitant pf activation of feedforward molecular layer inhibition. This prediction was tested, in vivo, by recording PCs sharing a common set of pfs before and after pharmacologically blocking inhibitory inputs. As predicted by the model, pf-induced beams of excitatory PC responses were seen only when inhibition was blocked. Blocking inhibition did not have a significant effect in the excitability of the cerebellar cortex. We conclude that pfs work in concert with feedforward cortical inhibition to regulate the excitability of the PC dendrite without directly influencing PC spiking output. This conclusion requires a significant reassessment of classical interpretations of the functional organization of the cerebellar cortex. I N T R O D U C T I O NThe distinctive orthogonal projection of the parallel fibers (pfs) through Purkinje cells (PCs) in the cerebellar cortex has dominated speculations concerning cerebellar function for more than 100 years

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“…The duration between the two responses was not fixed at approximately 30 ms, and corresponded to the various durations of air-puff stimulation. On the other hand, the tactile stimulation-induced PF excitatory inputs onto PC dendrites are less powerful than previously believed [35], because they are asynchronous. These asynchronous inputs require several (∼6) milliseconds of PF excitatory inputs to provoke spike firing in PCs, which is similar to the findings of an in vitro study [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Synaptic Responses Evoked by Tactile Stimuli in Purkinje Cells in Mouse Cerebellar Cortex Crus II In Vivo

et al. 2011

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BackgroundSensory stimuli evoke responses in cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs) via the mossy fiber-granule cell pathway. However, the properties of synaptic responses evoked by tactile stimulation in cerebellar PCs are unknown. The present study investigated the synaptic responses of PCs in response to an air-puff stimulation on the ipsilateral whisker pad in urethane-anesthetized mice.Methods and Main ResultsThirty-three PCs were recorded from 48 urethane-anesthetized adult (6–8-week-old) HA/ICR mice by somatic or dendritic patch-clamp recording and pharmacological methods. Tactile stimulation to the ipsilateral whisker pad was delivered by an air-puff through a 12-gauge stainless steel tube connected with a pressurized injection system. Under current-clamp conditions (I = 0), the air-puff stimulation evoked strong inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) in the somata of PCs. Application of SR95531, a specific GABAA receptor antagonist, blocked IPSPs and revealed stimulation-evoked simple spike firing. Under voltage-clamp conditions, tactile stimulation evoked a sequence of transient inward currents followed by strong outward currents in the somata and dendrites in PCs. Application of SR95531 blocked outward currents and revealed excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in somata and a temporal summation of parallel fiber EPSCs in PC dendrites. We also demonstrated that PCs respond to both the onset and offset of the air-puff stimulation.ConclusionsThese findings indicated that tactile stimulation induced asynchronous parallel fiber excitatory inputs onto the dendrites of PCs, and failed to evoke strong EPSCs and spike firing in PCs, but induced the rapid activation of strong GABAA receptor-mediated inhibitory postsynaptic currents in the somata and dendrites of PCs in the cerebellar cortex Crus II in urethane-anesthetized mice.

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Cutaneous mechanoreceptors influencing impulse discharges in cerebellar cortex. II. In Purkyně cells by mossy fiber input

Cited by 61 publications

References 37 publications

Peripheral stimuli excite coronal beams of Golgi cells in rat cerebellar cortex

Peripheral stimuli excite coronal beams of Golgi cells in rat cerebellar cortex

Feedforward Inhibition Controls the Spread of Granule Cell–Induced Purkinje Cell Activity in the Cerebellar Cortex

Synaptic Responses Evoked by Tactile Stimuli in Purkinje Cells in Mouse Cerebellar Cortex Crus II In Vivo

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