Cutaneous Leishmaniasis cases and risk factors in north central of Morocco, Sefrou province: An impact study

Talbi, Fatima Zahra; Najy, Mohamed; Nouayti, Nordine; En-nkhili, Hicham; Lalami, Abdelhakim El Ouali

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202123400027

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…In the same sense, according to several authors, poverty could be the main determinant of the transmission of leishmaniasis, especially its visceral form [30,31], as well as the cutaneous form [34]. Conversely, authors in Morocco did not associate the poverty rate with the distribution of cutaneous leishmaniasis [21,35]. That can be explained by the economic homogeneity of their study population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Determinants of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis by case-control study in Morocco

et al. 2022

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Leishmaniasis is endemic in Morocco where both cutaneous and visceral forms coexist. To date, anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) determinants remain poorly investigated in Morocco. However, the disease risk factors identification is vital to determine the specific preventive process. In this aim, a case-control study was conducted in the main active ACL foci in central Morocco. Epidemiological data were extracted from bulletins, registers and annual reports of the regional direction of Health offices. The socioeconomic and environmental data were collected from epidemiological surveys, completed by a questionnaire intended for accessible positive population and control people selected from the cases’ entourage. The study included 258 cases and 395 controls. Our results showed that many socioeconomic factors were associated with ACL in Morocco such as the rural habitation (OR = 4.163; 95% CI: 2.91–5.96), movement to endemic area (OR = 4.53; 95% CI: 3.03–6.77), provenance from leishmaniasis foci (in Essaouira focus OR = 5.34; 95% CI: 1.19–24.03) and poverty. In addition, environmental factors like proximity of vegetation (OR = 2.45; 95% CI: 1.14–5.25), poor domestic hygiene, particularly the absence of sewage system/waste management (OR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.35–1.96), and presence of animals (OR = 2.67; 95% CI: 1.14–5.25) increase the risk of ACL in Morocco. Except for Matrimonial status (married people, OR = 4.11; 95% CI: 1.80–9.41), there is however no significant association of the disease with the other socio-demographic factors in the study area (p>0.05). These several risk factors must be taken in consideration to prevent this disease through multidisciplinary collaboration and community participation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Determinants of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis by case-control study in Morocco

et al. 2022

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“…In Fez, the period of activity of sand flies, especially of medical interest, from May to November coincides with the dry period of the year. According to the role of climatic factors, the temperature could favor the multiplication of sand flies, increasing their frequency and reinforcing their vectorial capacity and thus facilitating the transmission of leishmaniasis to different hosts or reservoirs [ 21 , 52 , 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Dynamics of Sand Flies (Diptera, Pshycodidae), Vectors of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, in the City of Fez, Northern Morocco

Darkaoui

Idrissi

Talbi

et al. 2022

The Scientific World Journal

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The infections transmitted by sand flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) pose always a real health problem due to the increasing number of cases detected each year and the annual emergence of new leishmaniasis outbreaks. This study evaluated the temporal evolution of six species of sand flies in five stations inventoried between May 2017 and April 2018, in order to determine for the first time the extent of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) transmission in the city of Fez. The monthly impact of Fez sand fly density has been studied using all multivariate statistical analyses, including multiple factor correspondence analysis (MCA), which were performed using XLSTAT and the version of SPSS 20.0 test. Differences between concentrations were considered significant if P < 0.05 . To better study the results obtained, different ecological indices have been studied. This study showed that these vectors developed in different sectors of the city of Fez. A total of 816 sand flies were collected from five stations in the city, belonging to three species of the genus Phlebotomus (46.82%) and three species of the genus Sergentomyia (53.18%). The seasonal fluctuation of the average density followed a bimodal evolution for the three stations Dhar Richa, Ain Nokbi, and Boujloud. The stations of Ain Nokbi (0.87 ph/m2) and Dhar Richa (0.467 ph/m2) exposed the sites to a high average density with a maximum peak during August (1.965 ph/m2) and July (1.87 Ph/m2), respectively. S. minuta (44.24%), Ph. sergenti (26.96%), Ph. perniciosus (10.78%), and Ph. papatasi (9.07%) were the most qualified species. The calculated P value is above the 5% significance level, so the relative abundance of these species between study sites shows no significant difference. The period of phlebotomy activity of the genus Phlebotomus in Fez lasts seven months from May to November with a bimodal or trimodal evolution and varies according to the species or the surveyed station. The seasonal fluctuation of sand flies could be conditioned by climatic factors where the period of activity of the species coincides with the hot months (May, June, July, and August). We have observed that the temperature factor favors the prevalence of sand flies, while the difference in the relative abundance of species between the sites is related to the difference in the bioecological conditions of each site.

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“…In the same region of Fez Meknes (ex. Fez-Boulmane), particularly in Moulay Yakoub province, 31, and Sefrou Province, 32,33 temperature and humidity are the main parameters of the biological evolution of the disease. The phlebotomine density in Ouled Aid reaches its maximum when the temperature is between 30 and 35°C.…”

Section: Seasonal Fluctuations Of Sand Flies and The Effect Of Climat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and Abundance of Sand Flies in Five Selected Communities in Fez, Morocco, and Impact of Climatic Factors

2022

TJNPR

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Cutaneous Leishmaniasis cases and risk factors in north central of Morocco, Sefrou province: An impact study

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Determinants of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis by case-control study in Morocco

Determinants of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis by case-control study in Morocco

Seasonal Dynamics of Sand Flies (Diptera, Pshycodidae), Vectors of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, in the City of Fez, Northern Morocco

Distribution and Abundance of Sand Flies in Five Selected Communities in Fez, Morocco, and Impact of Climatic Factors

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