Cutaneous hyalohyphomycosis caused by Fusarium solani in a loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta L.)

Abstract

Fusarium solani was reported as the agent of a cutaneous infection in an injured sea turtle collected in the Mediterranean Sea. The turtle was treated with both a topical 10% solution of iodine in alcohol and ketoconazole. The source of the causal agent was traced to the sand in the tank in which the turtle was maintained. The strain was only sensitive in vitro to amphotericin B and was resistant to 5-fluorocytosine, fluconazole, itraconazole, and ketoconazole.

Fusarium solani is responsible for mass mortalities in nests of loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in Boavista, Cape Verde

“…In this work, we demonstrate that a number of isolates of F. solani are responsible for embryonic mortality in the nesting areas of the sea turtle C. caretta in Boavista, Cape Verde. Although this fungal species has been described previously in association with different infections in animals, including sea turtles (Rebell, 1981;Cabañes et al, 1997), its role as a pathogen and its relationship with hatching success has never been investigated until the present study.…”

Shell and Systemic Hyalohyphomycosis in Fly River Turtles, Carettochelys insculpta, caused by Paecilomyces lilacinus

“…Fusarium spp., Microsporum spp., Mucor spp., Penicillium spp., and Rhodotolura spp. (Georg, et al, 1962, Jacobson, 1980a, Jacobson, et al, 1980b, Glazebrook and Campbell, 1990, Frye 1991, Glazebrook, et al, 1993, Gonzales, et al, 1995, Cabanes, et al, 1997, Kostka, et al, 1997, Posthaus, et al, 1997, H ernandez-D ivers, 2001, Rose, et al, 2001). However, Paecilomyces spp.…”

“…The itraconazole dose in this report was empirically determined at 10 mg/kg q 48 hr. In reptiles, 10% iodine in alcohol and malachite green baths have been used to treat fungal cutaneous infections (Jacobson, et al, 1980b, Cabanes, et al, 1997. Systemic antifungals used in reptiles include ketoconazole, itraconazole and flu conazole (Page, et al, 1988, Cabanes, et al, 1997, Mallo, et al, 2002, Manire, et al, 2003.…”

“…In reptiles, 10% iodine in alcohol and malachite green baths have been used to treat fungal cutaneous infections (Jacobson, et al, 1980b, Cabanes, et al, 1997. Systemic antifungals used in reptiles include ketoconazole, itraconazole and flu conazole (Page, et al, 1988, Cabanes, et al, 1997, Mallo, et al, 2002, Manire, et al, 2003. In humans the benzimida-zoles (especially itraconazole) are usually recommended to treat P. lilacinus infections, although griseofulvin has been used successfully in a few cases.…”

Fusarium solanihaplotype 12‐b and aortic and branchial arteritis inHippocampus erectusPerry

“…These fungi are ubiquitous in soil and decaying plant material but are also implicated as agricultural pathogens in sweet potatoes, peas and cucurbits. Fusariosis has been described in a variety of animal species including horses (Mitchell & Attleburger, ), toads (Perpiñán et al, ), sea turtles (Cabañes et al, ), prawns (Bian & Egusa, ; Khoa, Hatai, & Aoki, ), dogs (Evans, Levesque, De Lahunta, & Jensen, ), marine mammals (Frasca, Dunn, Cooke, & Buck, ), elasmobranchs (Fernando et al, ) lobsters (Lightner & Fontaine, ) and humans, where it has been associated with keratitis and disseminated mycosis in immunocompromised patients (Dignani & Anaissie, ). Two thirds of documented cases of fusarial infection have been associated with members of the F. solani species complex (FSSC).…”