Cutaneous and ungual phaeohyphomycosis caused by species of<i>Chaetomium</i>Kunze (1817) ex Fresenius, 1829

Costa, A R; Porto, Edward; Lacaz, Carlos da Silva; Melo, Natalina Takahashi de; Calux, Marli de Jesus Ferreira; Valente, Neusa Yuriko Sakai

doi:10.1080/02681218880000371

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…4 Many species, such as Chaetomium perpulchrum, have been isolated from the air, 7 and others, such as Alternaria species, are ubiquitous molds. Most dematiaceous fungi are saprophytes or plant pathogens.…”

Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal melanonychia

Finch

Arenas

Baran

2012

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

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Fungal melanonychia is a relatively rare nail disorder caused by nail infection that produces brown-to-black pigmentation of the nail unit. The number of organisms implicated as etiologic agents of fungal melanonychia is increasing, and the list currently tops 21 species of dematiaceous fungi and at least 8 species of nondematiaceous fungi. These superficial infections may clinically mimic subungual melanoma and are often not responsive to traditional antifungal therapy. This article reviews the literature on fungal melanonychia and the role of fungal melanin in infection.

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Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal melanonychia

Finch

Arenas

Baran

2012

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

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“…Most cases are associated with exposure to sandy beaches in tropical regions, where H. werneckii is found in areas of high salinity (588). However, individual cases due to Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, Phoma eupyrena, and Chaetomium globosum with findings consistent with tinea nigra have also been reported (57,154,287). Diagnosis is made by skin scraping, and biopsy is not needed.…”

Section: Phaeohyphomycosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanized Fungi in Human Disease

2010

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SUMMARY Melanized or dematiaceous fungi are associated with a wide variety of infectious syndromes. Many are soil organisms and are generally distributed worldwide, though certain species appear to have restricted geographic ranges. Though they are uncommon causes of disease, melanized fungi have been increasingly recognized as important pathogens, with most reports occurring in the past 20 years. The spectrum of diseases with which they are associated has also broadened and includes allergic disease, superficial and deep local infections, pneumonia, brain abscess, and disseminated infection. For some infections in immunocompetent individuals, such as allergic fungal sinusitis and brain abscess, they are among the most common etiologic fungi. Melanin is a likely virulence factor for these fungi. Diagnosis relies on careful microscopic and pathological examination, as well as clinical assessment of the patient, as these fungi are often considered contaminants. Therapy varies depending upon the clinical syndrome. Local infection may be cured with excision alone, while systemic disease is often refractory to therapy. Triazoles such as voriconazole, posaconazole, and itraconazole have the most consistent in vitro activity. Further studies are needed to better understand the pathogenesis and optimal treatment of these uncommon infections.

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“…in clinical specimen should not regarded as a contamination, and the possible etiopathological significance should be clarified. Chaetomium-Sporen finden sich auch im Luftplankton und sind allergologisch bedeutsam [5]. Von allen Arten kommt Chaetomium globosum am haufigsten vor.…”

unclassified

Aspergillus fumigatus und Chaetomium homopilatum bei einem Leukämiepatienten. Pathogene Bedeutung von Chaetomium‐Arten

Schulze¹,

Aptroot

Grote-Metke

et al. 1997

Mycoses

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From the tracheal secretion of a leukaemic patient Aspergillus fumigatus and Chaetomium homopilatum was isolated. Radiographically (HR-CT) an invasive pulmonary mycosis was diagnosed from which the patient died. As an autopsy was not performed, the role of the isolated fungi could not be clarified safely. Aspergillus fumigatus is supposed to have been responsible for the invasive mycosis. The etiopathological significance of Ch. homopilatum remained unclear. The isolation of Ch. homopilatum was a reason for reviewing the genus Chaetomium. In the literature 18 reported cases of infections by Chaetomium sp. were found. Ch. globosum was the most prevalent species and caused mostly onychomycosis. Ch. strumarium and Ch. atrobrunneum caused brain infections. The predisposing factor in case of onychomycosis and cutaneous lesions was a trauma, and the systemic mycoses were a consequence of leukaemia, renal transplantation, intravenous drug use or renal failure. The reported cases show, that Chaetomium sp. may cause infections, if predisposing factors are present. Therefore the isolation of Chaetomium sp. in clinical specimen should not regarded as a contamination, and the possible etiopathological significance should be clarified.

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Cutaneous and ungual phaeohyphomycosis caused by species ofChaetomiumKunze (1817) ex Fresenius, 1829

Cited by 24 publications

References 1 publication

Fungal melanonychia

Fungal melanonychia

Melanized Fungi in Human Disease

Aspergillus fumigatus und Chaetomium homopilatum bei einem Leukämiepatienten. Pathogene Bedeutung von Chaetomium‐Arten

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