Customized porous implants by additive manufacturing for zygomatic reconstruction

In Vitro Biomechanical Simulation Testing of Custom Fabricated Temporomandibular Joint Parts Made of Electron Beam Melted Titanium, Zirconia, and Poly-Methyl Methacrylate

“…The unique aspect of the titanium alloy used in the present study was only the additive method (EBM) used in its fabrication. Nevertheless, implants of titanium alloys made using advanced manufacturing methodologies such as EBM are equally biocompatible and possess regulatory healthcare approvals [14,19,20]. Based on a clinical case report, Lee et al [23] have reported successful esthetic and functional reconstruction of the entire mandible printed out of titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V-ELI) using EBM technology.…”

“…The justification for selecting these three biomaterials was based on their availability, reported biocompatibility, prospect of CAD/CAM manufacturing, and mechanical properties, which are either higher than or are comparable to that of cortical bone (Table 6) [35][36][37]. It must however be noted that the choice of material should be based mainly on the elastic modulus of the biomaterial in comparison to that of natural bone [17][18][19]. Maietta et al reported that it is possible to modify the elastic properties of titanium implants manufactured using an additive process, without affecting their mechanical performance, by incorporating advanced porous and lattice structures [17].…”

“…The custom design process utilized a mirror reconstruction technique based on healthy bone in the unaffected side, using 3-Matic 9.0 ® software (©2014 Materialise NV, Leuven, Belgium) [16,19]. The steps involved in mirror reconstruction and designing the custom TMJ parts (condyle and glenoid fossa) are outlined in Figure 3.…”

“…These error free STL files were finally utilized for custom fabrication of the TMJ parts using different biomaterials, namely EBM titanium alloy (EBM-Ti), zirconia, and poly (methyl methacrylate) (acrylic). The custom design process utilized a mirror reconstruction technique based on healthy bone in the unaffected side, using 3-Matic 9.0 ® software (©2014 Materialise NV, Leuven, Belgium) [16,19]. The steps involved in mirror reconstruction and designing the custom TMJ parts (condyle and glenoid fossa) Appl.…”

Inhomogeneity of deformed state during compression testing of titanium implant

“…It`s achievements allow for prolonging an active life of a human as well as "repairing" individual body parts [1]. Titanium alloys are often utilized as a material for such invasions due to their chemical inertness and high strength to weight ratio [2][3][4]. Manufacturing of titanium implants employs methods of powder metallurgy used to obtain the desired architecture (the ratio of the shape and the size of pores in materials) [5,6].…”