Current understanding of nanoparticle toxicity mechanisms and interactions with biological systems

Garcés, Mariana; Cáceres, Lourdes; Chiapetta, Diego; Magnani, Natalia; Evelson, Pablo

doi:10.1039/d1nj01415c

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 167 publications

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, which can reach and deposit in large numbers in the alveolar region, may cause inflammation and systemic changes even if the material they are composed of is not potentially toxic ( Garcés et al. 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research is needed to find out the extent of exposure and characteristics of particles that determine where and at what dose the particles deposit in the respiratory tract, as well as their associated toxicological effects. Insoluble particles <10 lm, which can reach and deposit in large numbers in the alveolar region, may cause inflammation and systemic changes even if the material they are composed of is not potentially toxic (Garcés et al 2021). This is due to the site of deposition and limited clearance mechanisms, which in the case of alveoli entails engulfment by macrophages only, with a clearance process of insoluble particles occurring over months to years (Hinds 1999;Nagre et al 2019).…”

Section: Toxicologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Children’s Health Perspective on Nano- and Microplastics

Sripada

Wierzbicka

Abass

et al. 2022

Environ Health Perspect

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Background: Pregnancy, infancy, and childhood are sensitive windows for environmental exposures. Yet the health effects of exposure to nano- and microplastics (NMPs) remain largely uninvestigated or unknown. Although plastic chemicals are a well-established research topic, the impacts of plastic particles are unexplored, especially with regard to early life exposures. Objectives: This commentary aims to summarize the knowns and unknowns around child- and pregnancy-relevant exposures to NMPs via inhalation, placental transfer, ingestion and breastmilk, and dermal absorption. Methods: A comprehensive literature search to map the state of the science on NMPs found 37 primary research articles on the health relevance of NMPs during early life and revealed major knowledge gaps in the field. We discuss opportunities and challenges for quantifying child-specific exposures (e.g., NMPs in breastmilk or infant formula) and health effects, in light of global inequalities in baby bottle use, consumption of packaged foods, air pollution, hazardous plastic disposal, and regulatory safeguards. We also summarize research needs for linking child health and NMP exposures and address the unknowns in the context of public health action. Discussion: Few studies have addressed child-specific sources of exposure, and exposure estimates currently rely on generic assumptions rather than empirical measurements. Furthermore, toxicological research on NMPs has not specifically focused on child health, yet children’s immature defense mechanisms make them particularly vulnerable. Apart from few studies investigating the placental transfer of NMPs, the physicochemical properties (e.g., polymer, size, shape, charge) driving the absorption, biodistribution, and elimination in early life have yet to be benchmarked. Accordingly, the evidence base regarding the potential health impacts of NMPs in early life remains sparse. Based on the evidence to date, we provide recommendations to fill research gaps, stimulate policymakers and industry to address the safety of NMPs, and point to opportunities for families to reduce early life exposures to plastic. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9086

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Toxicologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Children’s Health Perspective on Nano- and Microplastics

Sripada

Wierzbicka

Abass

et al. 2022

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Although the lung is the initial target of inhaled nanomaterials, NP could also translocate from the pulmonary system, digestive tract, or even the skin into the bloodstream, and then to secondary organs such as the brain, heart, and liver after the exposure (Barua and Mitragotri, 2014;Marchini et al, 2015;Garcés et al, 2021b). Although no evidence was found of NP translocation, increased plasma levels of oxidative damage markers and PMN cell activation was observed, which may result from oxidation end-products or the translocation of inflammatory mediators from the lung into the systemic circulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental set up was as follows: magnetic field, 336.5 ± 5 Mt; power, 1 mW; modulation frequency, 9.41 GHz; amplitude, 1 × 200; sweep time, 4 min. The DMPO-OH • adduct was characterized by the four-line spectrum of intensity 1:2:2:1 (Garcés et al, 2021).…”

Section: Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (Epr) Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative metabolism in the cardiorespiratory system after an acute exposure to nickel-doped nanoparticles in mice

et al. 2021

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“…Nanosized particles are also released from consumer products not labeled as nanotechnology‐based 25–27 . Particles in the nanoscale size range (1–100 nm) have the potential to be more injurious compared with PM 2.5 and PM 10 , 28–30 because of their ability to enter the body's cells and damage proteins, cell membranes, and DNA, induce acute phase response, oxidative stress, and inflammation 28,31,32 . Exposure to nanoparticles is associated with vascular dysfunction, adverse acute respiratory, and cardiovascular effects, and histopathological (microscopic tissue) changes in the liver and kidney 29,33,34 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resuspension of particles deposited by nano‐enabled consumer sprays: The role of product type, flooring material, and resuspension force

Zhang

Mainelis

2022

Indoor Air

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Particulate matter (PM) is a known indoor air pollutant, and it can cause adverse effects, including decreased lung function, increased respiratory symptoms such as bronchitis and asthma, and increased morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases. [1][2][3][4] The presence of airborne particles indoors is caused by outdoor PM and indoor activities such as cooking, cleaning, use of sprays, as well as candles and incense. [5][6][7][8] In addition, a large fraction of indoor particles eventually settles on surfaces which then can then be resuspended back into the air by human activities. [9][10][11][12][13] The resuspension of particles is an important indoor particle source. Resuspension of different types of particles (e.g., silica particles, 14 potassium chloride [KCl] salt particles, 15 alumina powder, 16 cigarette smoke particles, 17 Arizona Test Dust, 18,19 biological particles, 10,20 and dust from real homes 5,21 ) has been investigated.

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Current understanding of nanoparticle toxicity mechanisms and interactions with biological systems

Abstract: Nanotechnology is an emerging science involving the manipulation of matter at the nanometer scale. Nanoparticles (NP) are engineered structures with at least one dimension of 100 nm or less. These...

Cited by 32 publications

References 167 publications

A Children’s Health Perspective on Nano- and Microplastics

A Children’s Health Perspective on Nano- and Microplastics

Oxidative metabolism in the cardiorespiratory system after an acute exposure to nickel-doped nanoparticles in mice

Resuspension of particles deposited by nano‐enabled consumer sprays: The role of product type, flooring material, and resuspension force

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