Current Status of Legislation on Dietary Products for Sportspeople in a European Framework

Sanz, José Miguel Martínez; Sospedra, Isabel; Baladía, Eduard; Arranz, Laura; Ortiz-Moncada, Rocío; Gil-Izquierdo, Ángel

doi:10.3390/nu9111225

Cited by 19 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The obtained results regarding the place where the SS are bought contradict the current data since the current trend is online shopping [23,28]. The participants of the present study, regardless of sex and the level of competition, are more inclined to buy in specialized stores and pharmacies mainly, where they can also find more professional advice compare to online shopping, which decreases the possibilities of purchasing lower-quality or illegal products, with lesser guarantees due to the absence of specific legislation in Europe or other countries, contributing to misleading advertising [39,46]. This topic is related to the person or source that generates or advises the use of SS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Analysis of Sports Supplements Consumption in Young Spanish Elite Dinghy Sailors

et al. 2020

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The sports performance of dinghy sailors is determined by their state of nutrition and hydration. Sports supplementation plays a prominent role in elite sailors, being essential in periods of competition due to its characteristics. This study aims to analyze the consumption of sports supplements (SS) in the different categories and groups of sailors based on the level of evidence, differentiating according to sex, competitive level, and type of boat. A total of 42 sailors from national and international levels and belonging to the Laser, 420, Techno-293 and RS:X classes participated in this study. They completed a questionnaire with questions about the consumption of SS and the possible repercussions on health and/or sports performance. The results were analyzed based on the different categorizations and group organization recently established by the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS), as well as by sex, level of competition and class to which the participants belonged. The male sailors and those who competed internationally had a higher prevalence in the consumption of SS. Among the classes of vessels studied, class 420 had the lowest SS consumption. SS intake was higher during competition days, regardless of sex or level of competition. Based on the classification established by the AIS, statistically significant differences were observed in sex, level of competition, and the type of boat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Analysis of Sports Supplements Consumption in Young Spanish Elite Dinghy Sailors

et al. 2020

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“…In relation to this, the data obtained in the present study support this theory, given that the DS purchasing preferences for the sample were mostly online (45.6%), which was more frequent in professional players (54.1% vs. 33.3%; OR = 1.40 [1.01–1.94]). Purchasing DS in this way may lead to health and/or performance risks due to biased and unreliable information from this source [ 27 , 29 , 34 ], discovering pharmacological substances not declared on the label [ 49 , 50 ], which is inappropriate with respect to the optimal protocol [ 51 , 52 , 53 ], or lack of specific legislation [ 45 , 50 ]. To enhance control and monitorisation, it is necessary to promote a specific legislation about DS in sport, as many studies have revealed that consumers are unaware of what they are taking and are even consuming DS or ingredients included in them that are prohibited or harmful to health [ 45 , 54 , 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Dietary Supplement Consumption in Amateur and Professional Rugby Players

Sánchez-Oliver

Domínguez

López-Tapia

et al. 2020

Foods

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Purpose: the aim of the present study was to analyse the pattern of dietary supplements (DS) consumption on federated rugby players, including the analysis of differences based on the sex and competitive level (professional vs. amateurs). Material and methods: 144 rugby players (83 male and 61 female), of whom 69 were professionals and 75 amateurs, were recruited for the study. All the participants filled out a specific questionnaire about DS consumption including questions related to the consumption of DS and their effects on sport performance and health status. Results: 65.3% of participants declared consuming at least one DS, with a higher prevalence in males than females (77.1% vs. 49.2%) and in professionals thanin amateur players (79.7% vs. 52.0%). The main reason for consumption was to enhance sport performance (62.3%) with differences only based on sex (74.3% males vs. 43.2% females). The most common purchase sites were the Internet (45.6%) and specialised stores (39.8%). As to the moment of ingestion, professionals did this most frequently during competition and training (56.4% vs. 28.2%), whereas amateur players did so only during competition (20.5% vs. 3.6%). Moreover, professional player intake most frequently in post-exercise (65.5% vs. 35.9%), whereas amateur during pre-exercise (30.8% vs. 5.5%). The DS most consumed included whey protein (44%), caffeine (42%), sports drinks (38%), energy bars (34%) and creatine monohydrate (31%), with a higher prevalence in male and professional players of whey protein and creatine monohydrate. Conclusions: The main reason for DS consumption is for enhancing sports performance). Professional players more frequently purchase them on the Internet and consume DS during training and competition period and in the post-exercise, whereas amateur players consume during competition and pre-exercise. Related to the main form of DS consumption, it is observed that a moderate consumption of DS could be considered ergogenic, such as whey protein, sport bar and creatine, while an absence of other DS could be considered ergogenic.

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“…ISSN (9) Ergogenic aid for power/strength athletes to help them optimise training adaptations or athletes who need to sprint intermittently and recover during competition (e.g. American football, soccer, basketball, tennis, etc.).…”

Section: No Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of these, only seven declarations fully or partially complied with that established by the relevant institutions, consensus documents or scientific evidence. These declarations are approved at a European level by the EFSA and the EC, the latter having specific legislation to regulate these products (9,15,28) . As indicated, only in the case of the claims 'Improves strength', 'Increases muscle mass', 'Enhances physical performance', 'Increases power', 'Enhances physical performance in adults over the age of 55', 'Promotes the replacement of creatine stores' and 'Replenishes muscle glycogen stores', their adequacy was confirmed.…”

Section: Health Claims and Proposed Dosagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the European level, sports food supplements, such as CM, are covered by Regulation (EC) No. 1924/2006 regarding nutritional and health claims for food; Regulation (EU) nº 1169/2011 on food information provided to the consumer; Regulation (EC) 258/97 on novel foods and novel food ingredients and Directive 2002/46 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States regarding food supplements (9) .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Analysis of health claims regarding creatine monohydrate present in commercial communications for a sample of European sports foods supplements

Juan

Sospedra

Perales

et al. 2021

Public Health Nutr.

Self Cite

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Objective: To analyse the information on health claims present in the labelling of creatine monohydrate (CM) products. Design: A descriptive study of a selection of products marketed as CM, with health claims, and that met the inclusion/exclusion criteria, was conducted using the Amazon and Google Shopping websites. The adequacy and compliance of the health claims were evaluated with the European legislative requirements (European Food Safety Authority and European Commission). The results were discussed with scientific evidence criteria from the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, International Olympic Committee, and International Society of Sports Nutrition, as well as the systematic review carried out by Mielgo-Ayuso in 2019. Setting: Health claims in the commercial communications of a sample of CM supplements, in relation to current legislation and scientific knowledge. Participant: A total of 554 CM products were obtained. Results: Of the total sample, only 167 met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Of these, 30·5 % recommended a CM dose of 5·0–5·9 g/d, while 29·9 % recommended 3·0 to 3·9 g/d. As for the health claims, ‘Enhances physical performance’ appeared in 73·1 % of the supplements, in most cases referring to a dosage of 3·0 to 3·9 g/d for these products. The rest of the declarations were not adequate or needed to be modified. Conclusion: Only 25 % of the health claims complied with the criteria established by the scientific reference documents. Most of the declarations must be modified or eliminated, as they could be considered fraudulent and/or misleading for the consumer.

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Current Status of Legislation on Dietary Products for Sportspeople in a European Framework

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

Analysis of Sports Supplements Consumption in Young Spanish Elite Dinghy Sailors

Analysis of Sports Supplements Consumption in Young Spanish Elite Dinghy Sailors

A Survey on Dietary Supplement Consumption in Amateur and Professional Rugby Players

Analysis of health claims regarding creatine monohydrate present in commercial communications for a sample of European sports foods supplements

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