Current Status of in vitro Production of Porcine Embryos

Identification and Characterization of an Oocyte Factor Required for Porcine Nuclear Reprogramming

“…In general, porcine oocytes with the first polar body at 42 h of in vitro maturation (IVM) are used for in vitro fertilization (IVF), parthenogenetic activation (PA), and somatic cell nuclear transfer studies (23)(24)(25)(26), but we found that the first polar body extrusion rate between the oocytes at 33 and 42 h of IVM had no significant difference. Therefore, in this study, we compared the proteome signatures of porcine oocytes with the first polar body collected at 33 h (33O) and 42 h (42O) of IVM by MS, and 18 differentially expressed proteins between 33O and 42O were discovered.…”

Regulation of sheep oocyte maturation using cAMP modulators

“…This spontaneous resumption of meiosis is accompanied by a rapid decrease in oocyte cAMP and is associated with reduced developmental competence [18]. There is now ample evidence that culturing oocytes in an environment where meiosis is regulated (via cAMP management), either prior to or during IVM, improves developmental competence [19][20][21][22][23]. This can be achieved by preventing the decrease in cAMP concentrations using PDE inhibitors throughout IVM, or by increasing COC cAMP concentrations during maturation with cAMP-elevating agents, e.g.…”

Deleted in malignant brain tumor 1 is secreted in the oviduct and involved in the mechanism of fertilization in equine and porcine species

“…For this purpose, we used two models in which the oviductal secretions are of particular importance for fertilization: the porcine and equine species. In porcine species, IVF rates are higher than 80%, and the reported levels of polyspermy after IVF often exceed 50% (Abeydeera & Day 1997, Funahashi & Day 1997, Day 2000, Nagai et al 2006. The exposure of oocytes to porcine oviductal epithelial cells or oviductal fluid before IVF improves the rate of monospermy (Romar et al 2001.…”