Current status of biogas upgrading for direct biomethane use: A review

Khan, Muhammad Usman; Lee, Jonathan T.E.; Bashir, Muhammad Aamir; Dissanayake, Pavani Dulanja; Ok, Yong Sik; Tong, Yen Wah; Shariati, Mohammad Ali; Wu, Sarah; Ahring, Birgitte Kiær

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2021.111343

Cited by 196 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…In 2018, almost 12% of the biogas produced in Europe was upgraded to biomethane. The technologies for the upgrading of biogas to biomethane can be essentially distinguished on the basis of their separation mechanism, e.g., adsorption, absorption, separation with membranes (Khan et al, 2021). Among the various alternatives, water scrubbing and membrane separation are the most cost-effective techniques while chemical scrubbing offers relatively high biomethane purities with less CH 4 losses (Katariya and Patolia, 2021).…”

Section: Membrane Technology For Biogas Treatment and Upgradingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Engineering for Biogas Valorization

Brunetti

Barbieri

2021

Front. Chem. Eng.

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Membrane operations nowadays drive the innovative design of important separation, conversion, and upgrading processes, and contribute to realizing the main principles of “green process engineering” in various sectors. In this perspective, we propose the re-design of traditional plants for biogas upgrading and integrating and/or replacing conventional operations with innovative membrane units. Bio-digester gas streams contain valuable products such as biomethane, volatile organic compounds, and volatile fatty acids, whose recovery has important advantages for environment protection, energy saving, and waste valorization. Advanced membrane units can valorize biogas by separating its various components, and establishing environmentally friendly and small-scale energivorous novel separation processes enables researchers to pursue the requirements of circular economy.

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Section: Membrane Technology For Biogas Treatment and Upgradingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Engineering for Biogas Valorization

Brunetti

Barbieri

2021

Front. Chem. Eng.

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“…Technologies for biogas production from energy crops have been developed since the 1930s. Methane fermentation has become a mature, well-established, and commonly deployed technology, but research is still ongoing to uncover effective, low-cost, and innovative solutions for the design, implementation, and improvement of biochemical methane generation from energy crops [6,7]. Particularly important are the economic parameters of biogas plants, considered in tandem with environmental indicators such as energy or water consumption [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Electromagnetic Microwave Radiation on Methane Fermentation of Selected Energy Crop Species

2021

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The aim of the present study was to determine how thermal stimulation via electromagnetic microwave radiation impacts the yields of biogas and methane produced by methane fermentation of five selected energy crop species in anaerobic reactors. The resultant performance was compared with that of reactors with conventional temperature control. The highest biogas production capacity was achieved for maize silage and Virginia mallow silage (i.e., 680 ± 28 dm3N/kgVS and 506 ± 16 dm3N/kgVS, respectively). Microwave radiation as a method of heating anaerobic reactors provided a statistically-significantly boost in methane production from maize silage (18% increase). Biomethane production from maize silage rose from 361 ± 12 dm3N/kgVS to 426 ± 14 dm3N/kgVS. In the other experimental variants, the differences between methane concentrations in the biogas were non-significant.

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“…An alternative is to upgrade biogas to biomethane as an energy carrier. This can be generally carried out by absorption, adsorption, cryogenic or membrane separation [7,[10][11][12][13][14]. Membrane processes compete with other separation methods by compact module setups, easy scaling-up of the continuous process, low energy consumption (due to the lack of phase transitions) and no need for additional sorbents [15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Membrane processes compete with other separation methods by compact module setups, easy scaling-up of the continuous process, low energy consumption (due to the lack of phase transitions) and no need for additional sorbents [15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. As limitations, both the necessity to compress the gas to pres-sures of 1-2 MPa [7,8,12,15,[22][23][24][25] and the initial preparation of biogas [7,[10][11][12]14,22,23] are mentioned.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If biogas is to be injected into the natural gas transmission network, it should be standardized. Requirements concerning the grid gas vary significantly for different countries [14], therefore a prospective biogas upgrading technology has to be adapted to them. According to Polish regulations [31], gas fuel "E" should have the heat of combustion ≥ 10.56 kWh m −3 , the total amount of combustible components ≥96 vol.%, less than 4 vol.% of nitrogen, 3 vol.% of CO 2 , 0.2 vol.% of oxygen and 5 ppm of H 2 S. In order to meet these requirements, it is possible to perform the separation of all six components listed above in a process which uses commercial cellulose acetate, polyimide, polysulfone or polycarbonate membranes [11,19,20,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Upgrading Biogas from Small Agricultural Sources into Biomethane by Membrane Separation

2021

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The agriculture sector in Poland could provide 7.8 billion m3 of biogas per year, but this potential would be from dispersed plants of a low capacity. In the current study, a membrane process was investigated for the upgrading biogas to biomethane that conforms to the requirements for grid gas in Poland. It was assumed that such a process is based on membranes made from modified polysulfone or polyimide, available in the market in Air Products PRISM PA1020 and UBE UMS-A5 modules, respectively. The case study has served an agricultural biogas plant in southern Poland, which provides the stream of 5 m3 (STP) h−1 of biogas with a composition of CH4 (52 vol.%), CO2 (46.3 vol.%), N2 (1.6 vol.%) and O2 (0.1 vol.%), after a pretreatment. It was theoretically shown that this is possible to obtain the biomethane stream of at least 96 vol.% of CH4 purity, with the concentration of the other biogas components below their respective thresholds, as required in Poland for gas fuel “E”, with methane recovery of up to 87.5% and 71.6% for polyimide and polysulfone membranes, respectively. The energetic efficiency of the separation process is comparable for both membrane materials, as expressed by power excess index, which reaches up to 51.3 kWth kWel−1 (polyimide) and 40.7 kWth kWel−1 (polysulfone). In turn, the membrane productivity was significantly higher in the case of the polyimide membrane (up to 38.3 kWth m−2) than those based on the polysulfone one (up to 3.13 kWth m−2).

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Current status of biogas upgrading for direct biomethane use: A review

Cited by 196 publications

References 156 publications

Membrane Engineering for Biogas Valorization

Membrane Engineering for Biogas Valorization

The Effect of Electromagnetic Microwave Radiation on Methane Fermentation of Selected Energy Crop Species

Upgrading Biogas from Small Agricultural Sources into Biomethane by Membrane Separation

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