Current Status and Future Prospects in Herbicide Discovery

Dayan, Franck E.

doi:10.3390/plants8090341

Cited by 169 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Estimating the water status of leaves is important in assessing the PPT effects since herbicides containing it in a reduced dose are used as desiccants causing dehydration of plants. Dayan [53] noted that studies on the glufosinate mode of action were not taking into account the rapid drying of foliage caused by its use. Our studies demonstrated that transgenic plants containing the bar gene were not dehydrating when treated with a standard field dose of herbicide, but when treated with a double dose RWC was significantly decreased only in the Bar1b line.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Phosphinothricin on Transgenic Downy Birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.) Containing bar or GS1 Genes

Lebedev

Krutovsky

Shestibratov

2019

Forests

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Weeds are a big problem in agriculture and forestry, and herbicides are the main tools to control them. Phosphinotricin (ammonium glufosinate, PPT) is one of the most effective non-selective herbicides, to which weeds hardly gain resistance, but the reasons for its effect and toxicity to plants are still unclear, and especially, it is little studied in trees, including transgenic ones. We studied the physiological responses of downy birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.) containing the herbicide resistance bar gene or the cytosol glutamine synthetase GS1 gene (the target enzyme of the herbicide) to PPT-based Basta herbicide treatment in various doses under open-air conditions during two years. Birch saplings with the bar gene were resistant to a double field dose (10 L/ha), but the expression of the GS1 gene only slightly increased resistance compared to the control. Herbicide treatment increased the ammonium level in leaf tissue by 3–8 times, but this, apparently, was not the main cause of plant death. Among leaf pigments, chlorophyll B was the most resistant to PPT, and carotenoids were the most sensitive. Responses of birch trees with the GS1 gene (accumulation of ammonium, pigment content, and dehydration) during treatment with a low dose of herbicide were less pronounced than in control plants. One-year-old control and transgenic plants with the GS gene died after 2.5 L/ha treatment, and two-year-old plants lost foliage after such treatment but remained alive and developed buds four weeks after treatment. Herbicide treatment of plants with the bar gene did not cause significant deviations in height (first year) or the accumulation of aboveground biomass (second year). The obtained results improve our understanding of the effect of PPT on woody plants and can be used both to clarify mechanisms of herbicide action and in plantation forestry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Phosphinothricin on Transgenic Downy Birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.) Containing bar or GS1 Genes

Lebedev

Krutovsky

Shestibratov

2019

Forests

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“…Solutions are being sought to reduce the risk of their residues in food, to minimize the impact on ground and surface water pollution and non-target organisms [3]. Herbicides are the most widely used products to protect crops [4]. Chemical weed control mainly increases production cost, and the intensive use of herbicide is also associated with the selection of herbicide-resistant weed biotypes [5] and this phenomenon is a growing problem [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Adjuvants and pH Adjuster on the Efficacy of Sulcotrione Herbicide

et al. 2020

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The effectiveness of herbicides is affected by the pH of the spray liquid. The use of adjuvants can mitigate the negative effect of pH, and it also allows for a reduction in herbicide doses while maintaining high efficiency. Greenhouse studies were performed to evaluate the efficacy of the herbicide sulcotrione (HRAC F2), against barnyardgrass, at full or reduced doses with adjuvants, and a modified pH of the solutions. The contact angle and surface tension of liquid spray drops, as well as the shear viscosity of individual solutions, were also tested. Results indicated that at a low pH of the spray liquid (4), the use of a reduced dose of sulcotrione with adjuvant based on methylated rapeseed oil can increase the effectiveness of barnyardgrass control to the same level as at the full dose of herbicide. The use of adjuvants contributed to the reduction in the contact angle and the surface tension of liquid spray droplets. No significant differences in shear viscosity were observed for individual solutions.

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“…All of the results in this study consistently indicate that the target site of cyclopyrimorate and DMC is HST, one of the two new herbicide target sites involving PQ biosynthesis. 32 The reversal tests using decyl PQ and HGA will be valuable in identifying the target site of bleaching herbicides.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo and in vitro evidence for the inhibition of homogentisate solanesyltransferase by cyclopyrimorate

Shino

Hamada

Shigematsu

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Cyclopyrimorate is a highly effective bleaching herbicide discovered by Mitsui Chemicals Agro, Inc. The target site was recently reported to be homogentisate solanesyltransferase (HST) in the plastoquinone (PQ) biosynthesis pathway on the basis of the number of intermediates in cyclopyrimorate‐treated plants and in vitro HST assays. Here, the target site of cyclopyrimorate was further explored using both in vivo and in vitro experiments. RESULTS The cyclopyrimorate‐dependent bleaching effect on Arabidopsis thaliana was reversed by decyl PQ, suggesting that this symptom is attributable to the inhibition of PQ biosynthesis. Furthermore, homogentisate (HGA), a substrate of HST, weakly reversed the bleaching effect of cyclopyrimorate in a dose‐dependent manner. We expected that the weak reversal by HGA was due to competitive inhibition by cyclopyrimorate or des‐morpholinocarbonyl cyclopyrimorate (DMC), a metabolite of cyclopyrimorate in plants that exhibit higher HST‐inhibitory activity as compared to cyclopyrimorate. Kinetic analysis was therefore conducted using DMC. DMC inhibited HST competitively with respect to HGA, and was a mixed non‐competitive inhibitor with respect to the other substrate, farnesyl diphosphate. Moreover, neither cyclopyrimorate nor DMC inhibited 2‐methyl‐6‐phytyl‐1,4‐benzoquinone/2‐methyl‐6‐solanesyl‐1,4‐benzoquinone methyltransferase, which is located downstream of HST in the PQ biosynthesis pathway. CONCLUSIONS The target site of cyclopyrimorate and DMC is HST, which is a novel target site for commercial herbicides. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Current Status and Future Prospects in Herbicide Discovery

Cited by 169 publications

References 50 publications

Effect of Phosphinothricin on Transgenic Downy Birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.) Containing bar or GS1 Genes

Effect of Phosphinothricin on Transgenic Downy Birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.) Containing bar or GS1 Genes

Effect of Adjuvants and pH Adjuster on the Efficacy of Sulcotrione Herbicide

In vivo and in vitro evidence for the inhibition of homogentisate solanesyltransferase by cyclopyrimorate

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