Current status and future prospects of warm spray technology☆

Molak, Rafał M.; Kim, K.H.; Watanabe, Makoto; Kawakita, Jin; Katayama, Seiji; Katanoda, Hiroshi

doi:10.1016/b978-0-85709-769-9.00007-5

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Such a process variation is the high-velocity air fuel (HVAF) spraying, which uses air instead of oxygen for combustion (Berger, Puschmann, Spatzier, & Matthews, 2013). Also, a modified HVOF spray process with an additional mixing chamber in order to introduce inert gas designated as "warm spray" has been recently developed (Chivavibul, Watanabe, Kuroda, et al, 2011;Kuroda, Watanabe, Kim, & Katanoda, 2011). Also, a modified HVOF spray process with an additional mixing chamber in order to introduce inert gas designated as "warm spray" has been recently developed (Chivavibul, Watanabe, Kuroda, et al, 2011;Kuroda, Watanabe, Kim, & Katanoda, 2011).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Coatings by Thermal Spray

Berger

2014

Comprehensive Hard Materials

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Coatings by Thermal Spray

Berger

2014

Comprehensive Hard Materials

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“…35 Multiple passes were taken to produce YSZ coatings with a thickness of 90-160 lm. For the SPS coating deposition, 304 stainless steel substrates with the dimension of 50 mm 9 25 mm 9 5 mm were used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Processing Parameters on the Deposition of Yttria Partially Stabilized Zirconia Coating During Suspension Plasma Spray

et al. 2016

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The process–microstructure relationship in suspension plasma spray (SPS) of yttria partially stabilized zirconia (YSZ) has been studied experimentally. An ethanol‐based suspension with a powder loading of 25 wt% was plasma sprayed with radial injection under four different plasma conditions, to examine the effects of plasma gas composition (Ar/He ratio), secondary gas (Ar/He and Ar/H2), and the nozzle diameter of the plasma gun. The suspension feeding rate was optimized firstly and coatings were prepared for microstructural observation. Capturing of in‐flight particles into water as well as collection of splats formed on heated flat metal substrates were utilized in order to better understand the more complicated intermediate process steps in SPS. It was found that a plasma jet with higher momentum allowed a higher suspension flow rate and both columnar and deep vertically cracked structure could be created depending on the plasma parameters as well as the substrate surface roughness.

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“…Conventional single-stage HVOF thermal spray systems are typically a high pressure combustion chamber followed by a converging-diverging (C-D) nozzle. Injected particles are accelerated and heated through subsonic and then supersonic combusting gas flow and hit the substrate which is placed at around 300 mm from nozzle exit [9]. In order to form a layer of high quality coating, proper temperature and velocity at the impact moment need to be obtained [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Injected particles are accelerated and heated through subsonic and then supersonic combusting gas flow and hit the substrate which is placed at around 300 mm from nozzle exit [9]. In order to form a layer of high quality coating, proper temperature and velocity at the impact moment need to be obtained [9]. HVOF has found to be one of the most efficient techniques to deposit high performance coatings at moderate cost [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical investigation of dual-stage high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spray process: A study on nozzle geometrical parameters

Jafari

Emami

Mahmoudi

2017

Applied Thermal Engineering

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The present study takes the advantage of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods to model steady-state, two-dimensional, axisymmetric, turbulent, compressible and combusting flow in a dual-stage high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spray system. The Eulerian method is used to solve the continuum gas phase and the Lagrangian method is utilized for tracking the particles. The effects of particle loads on the continuous gas phase are included in the simulation. Thus, compared to the previous studies, we investigate the influence of coupling between the particle and gas phases in modeling of the dual-stage HVOF process. It is found that decouple modeling of the particle and the continuous phase causes a significant error in velocity of particle at the impact moment, even for low powder particle loading. We further investigate the effects of four geometrical parameters on the behavior of gas phase and consequently the particle phase. Results also show that the turbulent intensity of flow at different sections of the warm spray process is the most important factor determining the radial distribution of nitrogen and temperature in the barrel. It also determines the radial distribution of oxygen in the free jet outside of the barrel. It is further found that reduction of the first nozzle diameter and increasing the length of the divergent section (for a fixed divergent angle) of the convergent-divergent nozzle reduce the particle temperature while these changes do not affect the particle velocity. In other words, changing these geometrical parameters has a desirable effect on the particle temperature without causing an undesirable change on the particle velocity.

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Current status and future prospects of warm spray technology☆

Cited by 13 publications

References 51 publications

Coatings by Thermal Spray

Coatings by Thermal Spray

Effects of Processing Parameters on the Deposition of Yttria Partially Stabilized Zirconia Coating During Suspension Plasma Spray

Numerical investigation of dual-stage high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spray process: A study on nozzle geometrical parameters

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