Current situation of pests targeted by Bt crops in Latin America

Blanco, CA; Chiaravalle, Willy; Rizza, Marco Dalla; Farias, J. C. de; García-Degano, MF; Gastaminza, Gerardo Alfredo; Mota-Sánchez, David; Murúa, MG; Omoto, Celso; Pieralisi, BK; Rodríguez, Juan Manuel Pinos; Rodríguez-Maciel, J. C.; Terán-Santofimio, Henry; Terán-Vargas, AP; Valencia, SJ; Willink, Eduardo

doi:10.1016/j.cois.2016.04.012

Cited by 115 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…The introduction of Bt corn in Brazil 10 years ago – covering > 80% of the total corn cropping area in 2016 – resulted in much less insecticide spraying against FAW . However, the first cases of reduced efficacy of Bt corn towards FAW were reported in 2014 in some regions in Brazil, and subsequent studies in Brazilian FAW populations revealed a high frequency of Cry1F resistance alleles compromising the field effectiveness of Bt corn technology . FAW resistance to Bt corn expressing Cry1F was also reported in 2010 in Puerto Rico, ∼ 6 years after its introduction .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of a ryanodine receptor target‐site mutation in diamide insecticide resistant fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

Boaventura

Bolzan

Padovez

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

126

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BACKGROUND Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), a major lepidopteran pest in Latin and North America, has very recently invaded the continents of Africa and Asia. FAW has evolved resistance to different insecticides and transgenic corn expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins. Here, we investigated the extent and mechanisms of resistance to diamide insecticides in a Brazilian field‐collected FAW strain selected using chlorantraniliprole. RESULTS Continuous laboratory selection of a field‐collected FAW strain with chlorantraniliprole resulted in resistance ratios of 225‐fold and > 5400‐fold against chlorantraniliprole and flubendiamide, respectively, when compared with a susceptible strain. Pre‐exposure to different synergists known to inhibit detoxification enzymes did not result in significantly increased larval toxicity, suggesting a minor role for metabolic resistance. Sequencing of the FAW ryanodine receptor (RyR) C‐terminal domains II to VI revealed a single nucleotide polymorphism, resulting in a I4734M mutation recently said to confer target‐site resistance to diamides in lepidopteran pests. Genotyping by pyrosequencing of field‐collected FAW larvae sampled in the 2018 crop season suggests a low resistance allele frequency. Furthermore, we developed a fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based allelic discrimination assay for rapid genotyping of field‐collected FAW samples, because diamides are increasingly used in Bt−/non‐Bt corn. CONCLUSIONS Recently, the identified RyR mutation has been shown to confer field resistance in other lepidopteran pests such as diamondback moth, tomato leafminer and striped rice stem borer. The developed PCR‐based allelic discrimination assay will help to monitor the frequency and future spread of diamide resistance allele in FAW field populations and help to implement appropriate resistance management measures. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of a ryanodine receptor target‐site mutation in diamide insecticide resistant fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

Boaventura

Bolzan

Padovez

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

126

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“…gemmatalis is considered one of the main pests of soybean cultivation in South America. These two species usually occur in crops at the same time and can cause great economic damage in soybean-producing regions (1–3). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, C. includens can become an important pest of other crops, such as cotton, in the southern areas (6, 7) and in South American countries (3). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity and Binding Studies of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry1C, and Cry2A Proteins in the Soybean Pests Anticarsia gemmatalis and Chrysodeixis (Pseudoplusia) includens

Bel

Sheets²,

Tan³

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Anticarsia gemmatalis (velvetbean caterpillar) and Chrysodeixis includens (soybean looper, formerly named Pseudoplusia includens) are two important defoliating insects of soybeans. Both lepidopteran pests are controlled mainly with synthetic insecticides. Alternative control strategies, such as biopesticides based on the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins or transgenic plants expressing Bt toxins, can be used and are increasingly being adopted. Studies on the insect susceptibilities and modes of action of the different Bt toxins are crucial to determine management strategies to control the pests and to delay outbreaks of insect resistance. In the present study, the susceptibilities of both soybean pests to the Bt toxins Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa, Cry1Ca, and Cry2Aa have been investigated. Bioassays performed in first-instar larvae showed that both insects are susceptible to all these toxins. Competition-binding studies carried out with Cry1Ac and Cry1Fa 125-iodine labeled proteins demonstrated the presence of specific binding sites for both of them on the midgut brush border membrane vesicles (BBMVs) of both A. gemmatalis and C. includens. Competition-binding experiments and specific-binding inhibition studies performed with selected sugars and lectins indicated that Cry1Ac and Cry1Fa share some, but not all, binding sites in the midguts of both insects. Also, the Cry1Ac- or Cry1Fa-binding sites were not shared with Cry1Ca or Cry2Aa in either soybean pest. This study contributes to the knowledge of Bt toxicity and midgut toxin binding sites in A. gemmatalis and C. includens and sheds light on the cross-resistance potential of Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa, Cry1Ca, and Cry2Aa Bt proteins as candidate proteins for Bt-pyramided crops.IMPORTANCE In the present study, the toxicity and the mode of action of the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa, Cry1Ca, and Cry2Aa in Anticarsia gemmatalis and Chrysodeixis includens (important defoliating pests of soybeans) have been investigated. These studies are crucial for determining management strategies for pest control. Bioassays showed that both insects were susceptible to the toxins. Competition-binding studies demonstrated the presence of Cry1Fa- and Cry1Ac-specific binding sites in the midguts of both pests. These results, together with the results from binding inhibition studies performed with sugars and lectins, indicated that Cry1Ac and Cry1Fa share some, but not all, binding sites, and that they were not shared with Cry1Ca or Cry2Aa in either soybean pest. This study contributes to the knowledge of Bt toxicity in A. gemmatalis and C. includens and sheds light on the cross-resistance potential of Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa, Cry1Ca, and Cry2Aa Bt proteins as candidate proteins for Bt-pyramided crops.

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“…The frequent use of this control method may impacts humans, the environment, the selection of resistant insects, and the resurgence of pests, in addition to leaving residues in food (Sosa-Gomez & Solva, 2010). The use of integrated control methods, including resistance induction in plants using silicon and transgenic hybrids, is necessary to reduce the impacts of insecticide application (Blanco et al, 2016;Reynolds et al, 2016). The use of transgenic corn plants expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal proteins is one of the main alternatives for fall armyworm control in Brazil, reaching 80% of the planted area ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of resistance to fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in transgenic and conventional corn plants

Lourenço¹,

Rosa²,

Siqueira³

et al. 2017

Aust J Crop Sci

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The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is an important pest of corn in Brazil. Insecticides are applied to reduce the losses caused by this pest. Integrated control methods, including resistance induction in plants using silicon and transgenic hybrids, must be used to reduce the impacts caused by insecticide application. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of calcium silicate application (CaSi 4 ) to the sowing furrow on S. frugiperda damage to and incidence on conventional and transgenic genotypes with different Bt technologies. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design in a 3x4x4 factorial scheme with three corn hybrids, Morgan 30A91 PRO Power Core ® (Cry1F, Cry1A105, Cry2Ab2 Bt toxin), Morgan 20A55 Herculex ® (Cry1F Bt toxin) and AG 1051 (conventional); four silicon doses, 0, 300, 600 and 900 kg. ha -1 calcium and magnesium silicate (Agrosilicio Plus ® , Ca = 25%, Mg = 6%, Si = 10.5%); and four assessment times, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after emergence (DAE). Four replicates were performed. The mean number of caterpillars per plant, damage caused by S. frugiperda, and production components were assessed. Calcium and magnesium silicate application induced resistance in corn plants, thus reducing the damage caused by S. frugiperda. Corn responded to resistance induction with increasing doses of calcium and magnesium silicate. The transgenic hybrid with three proteins (Morgan 30A91 PRO) improved protection against S. frugiperda. The interaction between silicate fertilization and transgenics produced a synergistic effect, suggesting a viable alternative for S. frugiperda control.

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Current situation of pests targeted by Bt crops in Latin America

Cited by 115 publications

References 42 publications

Detection of a ryanodine receptor target‐site mutation in diamide insecticide resistant fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

Detection of a ryanodine receptor target‐site mutation in diamide insecticide resistant fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

Toxicity and Binding Studies of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry1C, and Cry2A Proteins in the Soybean Pests Anticarsia gemmatalis and Chrysodeixis (Pseudoplusia) includens

Induction of resistance to fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in transgenic and conventional corn plants

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