Current Research Trends and Perspectives on Solid-State Nanomaterials in Hydrogen Storage

Abstract

Hydrogen energy, with environment amicable, renewable, efficiency, and cost-effective advantages, is the future mainstream substitution of fossil-based fuel. However, the extremely low volumetric density gives rise to the main challenge in hydrogen storage, and therefore, exploring effective storage techniques is key hurdles that need to be crossed to accomplish the sustainable hydrogen economy. Hydrogen physically or chemically stored into nanomaterials in the solid-state is a desirable prospect for effective large-scale hydrogen storage, which has exhibited great potentials for applications in both reversible onboard storage and regenerable off-board storage applications. Its attractive points include safe, compact, light, reversibility, and efficiently produce sufficient pure hydrogen fuel under the mild condition. This review comprehensively gathers the state-of-art solid-state hydrogen storage technologies using nanostructured materials, involving nanoporous carbon materials, metal-organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, porous aromatic frameworks, nanoporous organic polymers, and nanoscale hydrides. It describes significant advances achieved so far, and main barriers need to be surmounted to approach practical applications, as well as offers a perspective for sustainable energy research.

Titanium Hydride Nanoplates Enable 5 wt% of Reversible Hydrogen Storage by Sodium Alanate below 80°C

“…Hydrogen storage, bridging hydrogen generation and hydrogen application, plays a crucial role in a future hydrogen energy society [1][2][3][4]. Distinct from the matured technologies of compressed and liquefied hydrogen, solid state hydrides can realize higher hydrogen density under moderate pressures and temperature.…”

Recent Development in Nanoconfined Hydrides for Energy Storage

“…The state-of-the-art of boron-nitrogen compounds for energy storage was reviewed by Kumar et al [11] and Hagemann [12]. The solid-state materials used for hydrogen storage have been addressed by Lee et al [13], Hadjixenophontos et al [14], Broom and Hirscher [15], Comanescu [16], Kharbachi et al [17], Zheng et al [18] and He et al [19], among others. The role of highly dispersed catalysts on hydrogen storage materials [20] and the topologically engineered materials serving for energy conversion and storage [21] have also been very recently reviewed, while the critical issue of accurately describing hydrogen sorption properties of materials has been highlighted by Broom et al [15].…”

Formic Acid Dehydrogenation Using Noble-Metal Nanoheterogeneous Catalysts: Towards Sustainable Hydrogen-Based Energy

“…Typically, certain appropriate compounds have been selected because they have greater hydrogen content and can release hydrogen effectively at ambient conditions (temperature and pressure) by catalytic or non-catalytic methods. Examples of such compounds include hydrous hydrazine, metal amidoborates, metal borohydrides, ammonia borane, sodium borohydride and formic acid (HCOOH; FA) [27][28][29][30][31]. However, because of their poor kinetics for reversible hydrogen adsorption-desorption interactions, low intrinsic thermal conductivity, thermodynamic stability, toxicity, and high price, the practical applicability of several of these hydrogen storage compounds is greatly limited [32].…”