Current Research and Challenges in Bitumen Emulsion Manufacturing and Its Properties

Al-Mohammedawi, Ahmed; Mollenhauer, Konrad

doi:10.3390/ma15062026

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…Bitumen dispersion requires more power input to the mill which further increases the product temperature. 108 This bitumen emulsion, which is prepared by a colloid mill, will consist of microsized dispersed droplets. Conventional emulsions require large quantities of surfactants, some of which are unwanted, due to health and environmental concerns.…”

Section: Cavitation-based Technologies For Crumb Rubber (Cr) Modified...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The temperature of bitumen stream being critical to the process is adjusted in such way that the viscosity of bitumen should not exceed 0.2 Pa s. The temperature of the water phase is also adjusted so that the temperature of the resultant emulsion is less than 90 °C to avoid boiling water in the colloid mill. Bitumen dispersion requires more power input to the mill which further increases the product temperature . This bitumen emulsion, which is prepared by a colloid mill, will consist of microsized dispersed droplets.…”

Section: Cavitationally Driven Transformations In Bitumen Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cavitation-Assisted Transformations in Bitumen Processing: A Review

N V,

Bhattacharya,

Holkar

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Petroleum refineries are one of the largest greenhouse gas (GHG)emitting industrial sectors. One of the ways by which refineries can reduce emissions is by reducing the consumption of utilities (heat and steam) required in the refineries or by increasing the throughput of the refinery. Process intensification is one way by which throughput can be increased, and also process heat requirements can be reduced. Cavitation-driven process intensification has created many opportunities in the field of nanoparticle synthesis, wastewater treatment, water disinfection, crystallization, depolymerization, extraction, and emulsification. In recent years, cavitation-assisted bitumen processing has been explored in petroleum refineries. The present Review focuses on the studies related to cavitationally driven transformations in bitumen processing. Case studies have been critically reviewed in various aspects related to the use of cavitation in bitumen recovery from sands, bitumen viscosity reduction, bitumen desulfurization, improving compatibility of rubberized bitumen, bitumen nanoemulsion, and bitumen wastewater treatment. The present Review would be a ready reckoner highlighting the relative advantages and the current status of cavitation-assisted applications of bitumen. This Review also highlights the research gap and proposes future work in the area of cavitation technology for bitumen processing.

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Section: Cavitation-based Technologies For Crumb Rubber (Cr) Modified...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cavitationally Driven Transformations In Bitumen Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cavitation-Assisted Transformations in Bitumen Processing: A Review

N V,

Bhattacharya,

Holkar

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The material met the criteria defined in EN 12620 [54]. A stable cationic bitumen emulsion [55] from Mala Krsna, Serbia was used. The emulsion consists of 60% bitumen and 40% water.…”

Section: Component Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimum Fluid Content in Pavement Cold In-Place Recycling Containing Waste Materials

et al. 2022

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The planning of road infrastructure undergoes major changes, especially in terms of sustainable development. Recycling of pavement structures involves the reuse of materials from existing pavement structures due to its timesaving and environmental benefits, as well as cost reduction. According to the recycling temperature, recycling can be hot and cold. This paper deals with cold in-place recycling and the determination of the optimum fluid content for by-product materials in mixtures compared with one containing natural zeolite. The content of bitumen emulsion and cement—which are the most used materials so far in cold recycling along with foam bitumen—was replaced with fly ash, slag or natural zeolite, and bakelite, respectively, while recycled asphalt pavement from Serbia (Žabalj) was used. Six different mixtures were made. The mixture with the addition of fly ash had the highest optimum fluid content (7.6%) compared with all test mixtures. Mixtures with slag, natural zeolite, and bakelite were in the range of a mixture containing 2% cement. Furthermore, the mixture with 3% cement had the lowest optimum fluid content (5.7%) in comparison to all the mixtures that were tested.

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“…During the emulsification process based on the surfactant compounds used, if a waterin-oil (W/O) emulsion is produced when it reaches a high temperature, the emulsion may be turned into an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion [31] at ambient temperature. When the emulsion is heated from the surroundings to a sufficiently high temperature, varied emulsion properties and electrical conductance can be observed [32,33]. The PIT method has been found to easily form nano-emulsions with relatively low preparing energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Surfactant Characteristics on Fuel Properties of Emulsions of Alternative Engine Fuel through the Phase Inversion Method

Lin

Yang

2023

Processes

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Emulsions that mix two or more immiscible phases are broadly applied in pharmaceutics, chemistry, and industries. The phase inversion temperature (PIT) method is an emulsifying approach to preparing an emulsion with low energy consumption and cheap equipment. The effects of surfactant characteristics and processes of cooling or heating on the fuel properties of emulsions composed of silicone oil by the emulsifying method, such as mean droplet sizes of the de-ionized water phase, were considered herein. The application of the silicone oil emulsion as engine fuel was first evaluated. The results show that the emulsions added with the polyol surfactant mixture appeared to have a larger mean water-droplet size, a larger number of dispersed water droplets, a wider range of dispersed-water sizes, and lower kinematic viscosity than those with Brij 30 surfactant. Increasing the surfactant concentration of either Tween 20 mixed with Span 80 or Brij 30 surfactant increased kinematic viscosity and the number of dispersed droplets while decreasing mean droplet sizes. After being subjected to fast heating and then fast cooling, the silicone oil emulsion appeared to form many smaller dispersed droplets than those being proceeded with slow cooling. The emulsion of silicone oil was found to have adequate engine fuel properties.

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Current Research and Challenges in Bitumen Emulsion Manufacturing and Its Properties

Cited by 11 publications

References 154 publications

Cavitation-Assisted Transformations in Bitumen Processing: A Review

Cavitation-Assisted Transformations in Bitumen Processing: A Review

Optimum Fluid Content in Pavement Cold In-Place Recycling Containing Waste Materials

Effects of Surfactant Characteristics on Fuel Properties of Emulsions of Alternative Engine Fuel through the Phase Inversion Method

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