Current progress on pathogenicity‐related transcription factors in Fusarium oxysporum

Abstract

Fusarium oxysporum is a well‐known soilborne plant pathogen that causes severe vascular wilt in economically important crops worldwide. During the infection process, F. oxysporum not only secretes various virulence factors, such as cell wall‐degrading enzymes (CWDEs), effectors, and mycotoxins, that potentially play important roles in fungal pathogenicity but it must also respond to extrinsic abiotic stresses from the environment and the host. Over 700 transcription factors (TFs) have been predicted in the genome of F. oxysporum, but only 26 TFs have been functionally characterized in various formae speciales of F. oxysporum. Among these TFs, a total of 23 belonging to 10 families are required for pathogenesis through various mechanisms and pathways, and the zinc finger TF family is the largest family among these 10 families, which consists of 15 TFs that have been functionally characterized in F. oxysporum. In this review, we report current research progress on the 26 functionally analysed TFs in F. oxysporum and sort them into four groups based on their roles in F. oxysporum pathogenicity. Furthermore, we summarize and compare the biofunctions, involved pathways, putative targets, and homologs of these TFs and analyse the relationships among them. This review provides a systematic analysis of the regulation of virulence‐related genes and facilitates further mechanistic analysis of TFs important in F. oxysporum virulence.

Saffron-Fusarium oxysporum R1 dual transcriptomics unravels, defense mechanism of saffron and robust pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum R1

“…Till date, about 700 TFs have been envisaged and only 26 have been functionally characterized in different f.sp. of Fusarium oxysporum (Zuriegat et al 2021). Among 26 TFs, 23 have reported role in pathogenicity and belongs to 10 different families of transcription factors.…”

“…List of different categories of virulence factors identi ed in Fox R1 during infection in saffron corm Zuriegat et al 2021…”

Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing Analysis of Fusarium commune Provides Insights into the Pathogenic Mechanisms of the Lotus Rhizome Rot

“…The availablility of these sequences has made it possible to research F. commune at the genomic level. Genome sequencing of plant pathogens and comparison are effective methods to reveal the pathogenic mechanism and evolution of plant pathogens ( 14 – 16 ).…”

Physiological Response of Cape Gooseberry Plants to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. physali, Fusaric Acid, and Water Deficit in a Hydrophonic System

“…Additionally, these mycotoxins can contribute to pathogenesis or virulence and competition with other organisms (Bell et al, 2003 ). Beauvericin, bikaverin, enniatins, fusarin C, isoverrucarol, moniliformin, naphthoquinone pigments, sambutoxin, wortmannin, fusaric acid, and fumonisins are some of the mycotoxins reported in Fo (Jennings, 2007 ; Srinivas et al, 2019 ; Zuriegat et al, 2021 ). Fusaric acid (FA, 5-n-butyl-2-pyridine carboxylic acid) is involved in the progression of vascular wilt in various crops, such as bananas (Liu et al, 2020 ; Portal-González et al, 2021 ) watermelon (Wu et al, 2008a ), cucumber (Wang et al, 2014 , 2015 ), tomatoes (Singh et al, 2017 ), faba beans (Li et al, 2021 ), and chickpea (Maharshi et al, 2021 ).…”