Current issues in Tourette syndrome

Singer, Harvey S.

doi:10.1002/1531-8257(200011)15:6<1051::aid-mds1001>3.0.co;2-l

Cited by 63 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…[2][3][4][5][6] Population prevalence of tics is around 5%, 7 of GTS between 2-8 per 1000 men and 0.1-4 per 1000 women. 6,8,9 Family studies reveal increased risks of tics, GTS, and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) among relatives of GTS probands, with more OCD among their female (up to 15%), and more tics (up to 20%) and GTS (up to 17%) among their male relatives, independently of whether the proband with GTS is having co-morbid OCD. 10,11 Although there is evidence for a genetic basis for GTS, 11,12 there appears to be substantial phenotypic as well as allelic heterogeneity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and clinical analysis of a large Dutch Gilles de la Tourette family

Verkerk

Cath²,

Linde

et al. 2006

Mol Psychiatry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and clinical analysis of a large Dutch Gilles de la Tourette family

Verkerk

Cath²,

Linde

et al. 2006

Mol Psychiatry

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“…Furthermore, the dopaminergic system seems to play a role in TS pathology. Presently, dopamine D2 receptor antagonists (neuroleptics, NL) are the most effective drugs for the treatment of tics (Singer, 2000;Robertson, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Tourette Syndrome with Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC): No Influence on Neuropsychological Performance

Müller‐Vahl

Prevedel

Theloe

et al. 2003

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Previous studies provide evidence that marijuana (Cannabis sativa) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (D 9 -THC), the major psychoactive ingredient of marijuana, respectively, are effective in the treatment of tics and behavioral problems in Tourette syndrome (TS). It, therefore, has been speculated that the central cannabinoid receptor system might be involved in TS pathology. However, in healthy marijuana users there is an ongoing debate as to whether the use of cannabis causes acute and/or long-term cognitive deficits. In this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study, we investigated the effect of a treatment with up to 10 mg D 9-THC over a 6-week period on neuropsychological performance in 24 patients suffering from TS. During medication and immediately as well as 5-6 weeks after withdrawal of D 9 -THC treatment, no detrimental effect was seen on learning curve, interference, recall and recognition of word lists, immediate visual memory span, and divided attention. Measuring immediate verbal memory span, we even found a trend towards a significant improvement during and after treatment. Results from this study corroborate previous data suggesting that in patients suffering from TS, treatment with D 9 -THC causes neither acute nor long-term cognitive deficits. Larger and longer-duration controlled studies are recommended to provide more information on the adverse effect profile of THC in patients suffering from TS.

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“…Finally, the co-occurrence of these syndromes in this family suggests that there might be a pathophysiological relationship between RLS, chronic motor tic disorder and MA. Some similar clinical characteristics of RLS and motor tic disorder, in particular the urge to move which precedes it and the subsequent alleviation by motor activity, indicate an implication of the basal ganglia and the limbic network in the pathophysiology of the two disorders [7,8]. Moreover, Barbanti et al [9] concluded that the high prevalence of migraine in TS might be linked to a dysfunction of the extrapyramidal system.…”

Section: Sirsmentioning

confidence: 97%