Current Insights in Nutrition Assessment and Intervention for Malnutrition or Muscle Loss in People with Lung Cancer: A Narrative Review

Kiss, Nicole; Curtis, Annie R

doi:10.1093/advances/nmac070

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Additionally, the research related to TND therapy is progressing rapidly. It is worth mentioning that the success of nutrient-focused adjunctive therapies rests upon meticulous patient assessments and the optimization of the nutrient status [100]. The individual nutrient requirements vary based on age, overall health, and treatment regimens.…”

Section: Targeted Nutrient Deprivation (Tnd) Therapy In Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient-Based Approaches for Melanoma: Prevention and Therapeutic Insights

Dong,

Wei,

Yang

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Melanoma, a prevalent and lethal form of skin cancer, remains a formidable challenge in terms of prevention and treatment. While significant progress has been made in understanding its pathogenesis and treatment, the quest for effective prevention strategies and therapeutic approaches remains ongoing. Considering the increased advancements in understanding the dynamic interplay between nutrients and melanoma, we aim to offer a refreshed perspective on nutrient-based approaches for melanoma prevention and adjunctive therapy. In contrast to other studies, we have innovatively provided a detailed exposition of the nutrients’ influences on melanoma prognosis and treatment. This review firstly examines various nutrients, including antioxidants (namely vitamins A, D, C, and E; selenium; and caffeine), polyunsaturated fatty acids, and flavonoids, for their effects and underlying mechanisms in reducing melanoma risk. Among these nutrients, caffeine shows the most promising potential, as it is supported by multiple cohort studies for its protective effect against melanoma. In contrast, there is a certain degree of inconsistency in the research of other nutrients, possibly due to inherent differences between animal studies and epidemiological research, as well as variations in the definition of nutrient intake. To comprehensively investigate the impact of nutrients on melanoma progression and therapeutic approaches, the following sections will explore how nutrients influence immune responses and other physiological processes. While there is robust support from cell and animal studies regarding the immunomodulatory attributes of vitamins D and zinc, the anti-angiogenic potential of polyphenols, and the cell growth-inhibitory effects of flavonoids, the limited availability of human-based research substantially constrains their practical relevance in clinical contexts. As for utilizing nutrients in adjuvant melanoma treatments, multiple approaches have garnered clinical research support, including the utilization of vitamin D to decrease the postoperative recurrence rates among melanoma patients and the adoption of a high-fiber diet to enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy. In general, the effects of most nutrients on reducing the risk of melanoma are not entirely clear. However, several nutrients, including vitamin D and dietary fiber, have demonstrated their potential to improve the melanoma prognosis and enhance the treatment outcomes, making them particularly deserving of clinical attention. A personalized and interdisciplinary approach, involving dermatologists, oncologists, nutritionists, and researchers, holds the promise of optimizing melanoma treatment strategies.

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Section: Targeted Nutrient Deprivation (Tnd) Therapy In Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient-Based Approaches for Melanoma: Prevention and Therapeutic Insights

Dong,

Wei,

Yang

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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“…The PNI parameter is a ratio indicating the mortality or prognosis of many diseases, which has been associated with prognostic nutrition in recent years. These include systemic diseases [10,11] and cancer [12][13][14] and high-mortality-level diseases. Systemic immune inflammation index (SII) is similar to the PNI, but the parameters have been used in recent years to predict diseases and mortality through systemic immune inflammation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the predictive value of systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) on mortality in patients with endoprosthesis after hip fracture

Yilmaz,

Kurt,

Dülgeroğlu

2024

Medicine

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In this research, we aimed to investigate the predictive value of the systemic immune inflammation index and prognostic nutritional index on mortality among patients with an endoprosthesis after a hip fracture. In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, a total of 915 patient files applied to our hospital between 2020 and 2023 with an endoprosthesis after a hip fracture were subjected to the study. The patients were divided into 2 groups: alive (n = 396; 43.3%) and deceased (n = 519; 56.7%). The eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio (HRR), mean platelet volume-to-platelet ratio (MPVPR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte/lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, MPV-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-eosinophil ratio (MER), neutrophile-to-monocyte ratio, systemic inflammation index (SII), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) parameters of the patients were evaluated. The mortality rate was higher among male patients, with a statistically significant difference (P < .05). The follow-up duration, albumin, HGB, eosinophil, lymphocyte, eosinophil %, eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, HRR, and PNI means were significantly higher in the living group (P < .05). Age, MPV, MPVPR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte/lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, MPV-to-lymphocyte ratio, MER, and systemic inflammation index were significantly higher in the deceased group (P < .05). The predictive value of gender (B = −0.362; P < .01), age (B = 0.036; P < .01), HRR (B = −1.100; P < .01), MPVPR (B = 8.209; P < .01), MER (B = 0.006; P < .01), and PNI (B = −0.078; P < .01) were statistically significant at the multivariate level. The time of death was significantly predicted by gender (B = 0.10; P < .05), age (B = −0.02; P < 0 = 1), HRR (B = 0.61; P < .01), MPVPR (r = −4.16; P < .01), MER (B = −0.01; P < .05), and PNI (B = 0.03; P < .01). The predictive value of PNI for the 30-day mortality rate was statistically significant (AUC: 0.643; P < .01). For a PNI cutoff value of 34.475, sensitivity was 69.7%, and specificity was 51.1%. The PNI has predictive value both in estimating overall mortality and in predicting the 30-day mortality rates among patients undergoing endoprosthesis after a hip fracture.

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“…Among lung cancer patients, ∼70% are found to suffer from malnutrition or muscle loss, suggesting the crucial role of nutrition assessment during anti-cancer therapy (9). Traditional nutrition related markers such as body mass index (BMI) and albumin (ALB) level have been utilized to predict lung cancer risk or patient survival (10,11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of prognostic nutritional index as a reliable prognostic indicator for advanced lung cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors

et al. 2023

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BackgroundPrognostic nutritional index (PNI) has been identified as a reliable prognostic factor for cancer adjuvant therapy. However, its prognostic value in lung cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remains inconclusive.MethodA systematic literature review and meta-analysis was performed based on online databases before March 1th 2023. The correlation of PNI with overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS) was determined using the hazard ratios (HRs) coupled with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Then, a retrospective cohort enrolling 123 ICI-treated lung cancer patients from two hospitals was utilized for validation and further investigation.ResultsA total of 14 studies enrolling 1,260 lung cancer patients were included in the meta-analysis. The high PNI level was significantly correlated with better OS (HR = 2.56, 95% CI = 1.86–3.54) and PFS (HR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.53–2.40) of the lung cancer patients. The subgroup analysis confirmed the results except for the PFS in patients receiving anti-PD-1 therapy (HR = 1.51, 95% CI = 0.86–2.65). In the retrospective study, the high PNI level was identified as a favorable factor for OS and PFS not only in the whole cohort but also in the subgroups stratified by non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. The high PNI was also correlated with better anti-cancer therapy response and performed better than body mass index and serum albumin level in OS prediction. Finally, we established a novel prognostic nomogram based on PNI and other clinical parameters. The nomogram was found to perform well in predicting the 1-year OS of ICI-treated lung cancer patients.ConclusionBoth the meta-analysis and retrospective work demonstrate the PNI is a reliable prognostic factor for advanced lung cancer patients receiving ICI-based therapies. Our study further highlights the crucial role of nutrition assessment and intervention in cancer immunotherapy.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42023424146.

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Current Insights in Nutrition Assessment and Intervention for Malnutrition or Muscle Loss in People with Lung Cancer: A Narrative Review

Cited by 11 publications

References 80 publications

Nutrient-Based Approaches for Melanoma: Prevention and Therapeutic Insights

Nutrient-Based Approaches for Melanoma: Prevention and Therapeutic Insights

Investigation of the predictive value of systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) on mortality in patients with endoprosthesis after hip fracture

Identification of prognostic nutritional index as a reliable prognostic indicator for advanced lung cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors

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