Current developments in biodosimetry tools for radiological/nuclear mass casualty incidents

Escalona, Maria; Ryan, Terri L.; Balajee, Adayabalam S.

doi:10.1016/j.envadv.2022.100265

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 55 publications

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“…Biochemical biomarkers of radiation exposure have been developed as an alternative or supplementary method for detecting radiation exposure 10 . They include transcriptomic and proteomic biomarkers that are activated as part of the damage response pathways after radiation exposure including DNA repair, cell cycle functions and apoptosis 11 . However, there are several limitations including the relatively long processing time of cytogenetic based dosimetry (from days to one week), the need for invasive blood collections and the limited sensitivity in the low dose radiation range (< 1 Gy).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term, non-invasive FTIR detection of low-dose ionizing radiation exposure

Inman,

Wu,

Chen

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Non-invasive methods of detecting radiation exposure show promise to improve upon current approaches to biological dosimetry in ease, speed, and accuracy. Here we developed a pipeline that employs Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in the mid-infrared spectrum to identify a signature of low dose ionizing radiation exposure in mouse ear pinnae over time. Mice exposed to 0.1 to 2 Gy total body irradiation were repeatedly measured by FTIR at the stratum corneum of the ear pinnae. We found significant discriminative power for all doses and time-points out to 90 days after exposure. Classification accuracy was maximized when testing 14 days after exposure (specificity > 0.9 with a sensitivity threshold of 0.9) and dropped by roughly 30% sensitivity at 90 days. Infrared frequencies point towards biological changes in DNA conformation, lipid oxidation and accumulation and shifts in protein secondary structure. Since only hundreds of samples were used to learn the highly discriminative signature, developing human-relevant diagnostic capabilities is likely feasible and this non-invasive procedure points toward rapid, non-invasive, and reagent-free biodosimetry applications at population scales.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term, non-invasive FTIR detection of low-dose ionizing radiation exposure

Inman,

Wu,

Chen

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Candidate biomarkers and persistent transcriptional responses after low and high dose ionizing radiation at high dose rate

Liu,

Cologne,

Amundson

et al. 2023

International Journal of Radiation Biology

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EPR biodosimetry: challenges and opportunities

Swartz,

Flood

2023

Radiation Protection Dosimetry

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This paper briefly examines electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) techniques to measure dose from exposure to external radiation, assessing their current status, potential future uses and the challenges impacting their progress. We conclude the uses and potential value of different EPR techniques depend on the number of victims and whether they characterize short- or long-term risks from exposure. For large populations, EPR biodosimetry based on in vivo measurements or using co-located inanimate objects offer the greatest promise for assessing acute, life-threatening risk and the magnitude and extent of such risk. To assess long-term risk, ex vivo EPR methods using concentrated enamel from exfoliated teeth are most impactful. For small groups, ex vivo EPR biodosimetry based on available samples of teeth, nails and/or bones are most useful. The most important challenges are common to all approaches: improve the technique’s technical capabilities and advance recognition by planning groups of the relative strengths EPR techniques offer for each population size. The most useful applications are likely to be for triage and medical guidance in large events and for radiation epidemiology to evaluate long-term risks.

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Current developments in biodosimetry tools for radiological/nuclear mass casualty incidents

Cited by 3 publications

References 55 publications

Long-term, non-invasive FTIR detection of low-dose ionizing radiation exposure

Long-term, non-invasive FTIR detection of low-dose ionizing radiation exposure

Candidate biomarkers and persistent transcriptional responses after low and high dose ionizing radiation at high dose rate

EPR biodosimetry: challenges and opportunities

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