EPR biodosimetry: challenges and opportunities

Abstract

This paper briefly examines electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) techniques to measure dose from exposure to external radiation, assessing their current status, potential future uses and the challenges impacting their progress. We conclude the uses and potential value of different EPR techniques depend on the number of victims and whether they characterize short- or long-term risks from exposure. For large populations, EPR biodosimetry based on in vivo measurements or using co-located inanimate objects offer the greatest promise for assessing acute, life-threatening risk and the magnitude and extent of such risk. To assess long-term risk, ex vivo EPR methods using concentrated enamel from exfoliated teeth are most impactful. For small groups, ex vivo EPR biodosimetry based on available samples of teeth, nails and/or bones are most useful. The most important challenges are common to all approaches: improve the technique’s technical capabilities and advance recognition by planning groups of the relative strengths EPR techniques offer for each population size. The most useful applications are likely to be for triage and medical guidance in large events and for radiation epidemiology to evaluate long-term risks.

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Biodosimetry with Human Teeth: A Crucial Technique for Acute and Chronic Exposure Assessment

“…Compared to the well-established X-band frequency (9.8 GHz), L-band EPR measurements suffer from lower accuracy and reliability, affecting overall dose precision. Addressing these L-band-specific limitations is crucial for advancing the reliability of in-vivo EPR tooth dosimetry (Swartz and Flood 2023;Williams et al 2014). Moreover, ongoing developments and challenges in in-vivo tooth enamel EPR dosimetry, as Swartz and Flood (2023) outlined, include difficulties in resonator placement, issues related to local heating, and excessive noise.…”

“…Addressing these L-band-specific limitations is crucial for advancing the reliability of in-vivo EPR tooth dosimetry (Swartz and Flood 2023;Williams et al 2014). Moreover, ongoing developments and challenges in in-vivo tooth enamel EPR dosimetry, as Swartz and Flood (2023) outlined, include difficulties in resonator placement, issues related to local heating, and excessive noise. Tissue lossiness at typical EPR frequencies limits its application.…”