Current aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome: A literature review

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder with variable prevalence, affecting about one in every 15 women worldwide. The diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome requires at least two of the following criteria: oligoovulation and/or anovulation, clinical and/or biochemical evidence of hyperandrogenism and morphology of polycystic ovaries. Women with PCOS appear to have a higher risk of developing metabolic disorders, hypertension and cardiovascular disorders. The aim of this article was to present a review of the literature by searching the databases Pubmed and Scielo, focusing on publications related to polycystic ovaries, including its pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and therapeutic aspects, as well as its association with cardiovascular and arterial hypertensive disorders.

The effects of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on fasting glucose and lipid profiles among patients with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

“…In a metaanalysis conducted by Tabrizi et al [23], selenium supplementation led to a significant reduction in insulin concentrations and improved insulin sensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders, though no significant effect on fasting glucose and HOMA-IR was reported. Moreover, in a systematic review conducted by Cruz et al [24], zinc supplementation significantly improved insulin sensitivity in obese subjects. In another clinical trial, taking ascorbic acid by diabetic patients significantly decreased fasting glucose levels [25].…”

Polymorphisms of Vitamin D Receptor and the Effect on Metabolic and Endocrine Abnormalities in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Review

“…The etiology of PCOS is multifactorial and not fully understood. Some of the main known mechanisms to date are represented by alteration in the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, defects in androgen synthesis, development of insulin resistance (IR) and ovarian follicular arrest [5].…”

“…Disturbances of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis determine elevated levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and normal/low levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), due to a higher frequency of gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulses [6]. LH stimulates androgen production and interferes with normal follicular development [5].…”

The Potential Effect of Rhizoma coptidis on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking

“…Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine and metabolic disease in premenopausal women [ 1 ]. Depending on the diagnostic criteria, the prevalence was 4% to 21% [ 2 ], its etiology and pathogenesis are not clear, it may be related to genetic, environmental, and other factors [ 3 ], and the main manifestations are clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogen abnormalities in ovulation and polycystic changes of the ovary [ 4 ]. PCOS is often related to insulin resistance, obesity, and dyslipidemia.…”