Current approaches in identification and isolation of cancer stem cells

Akbarzadeh, Maryam; Maroufi, Nazila Fathi; Tazehkand, Abbas Pirpour; Akbarzadeh, Moloud; Bastani, Sepideh; Sedaghat, Reza; Farzane, Ali; Fattahi, Amir; Nejabati, Hamid Reza; Nouri, Mohammad; Samadi, Nasser

doi:10.1002/jcp.28271

Cited by 73 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…Many cell lines were derived from cancer stem-like cells, which were isolated in standard culture media without epidermal growth factor or a fibroblast feeder layer to avoid obtaining clones of more differentiated cells.30 However, in the later cultivation process, cells will inevitably differentiate, resulting in the heterogeneity of tumor cell lines. Some cells with self-renewal capacity become stem cell-like cells, which can be separated from normal cells by 3D spheroid culture 31–33. Cancer cells require higher serum levels and are adherent in culture medium, while CSCs are highly dependent on growth factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>CD44-Targeted Magnetic Nanoparticles Kill Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Stem Cells In An Alternating Magnetic Field</p>

Su¹,

Liu²,

Chen³

et al. 2019

IJN

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BackgroundHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common malignant tumor in the world. Studies in recent years have demonstrated that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are present in many tumor tissues, including HNSCC, and CSCs are the root cause of tumor recurrence and metastasis. Thus, taking new treatment measures to target the killing of CSCs that are resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy is key to the success of cancer treatment.MethodsWe explored a method for preparing anti-CD44 antibody-modified superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONPs). Biocompatibility was evaluated by a CCK-8 assay. The CSCs were obtained by a 3D cell culture technique from Cal-27 (human oral squamous cell carcinoma) cells, and then the CSCs were identified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The targeting efficiency of the CD44-SPIONPs to CSCs was confirmed by Prussian blue staining and visualized by laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of CSCs after alternating magnetic field (AMF) treatment. The efficacy of tumor growth inhibition by CD44-SPIONP-mediated magnetic hyperthermia therapy was evaluated with tumor xenografts in nude mice.ResultsThe CD44-SPIONPs exhibited no negative effect on CSCs, indicating good biocompatibility. After SPIONPs were cocultured with stem cells, the majority of CD44-SPIONPs labeled with FITC penetrated the cell membrane into the cytoplasm. After AMF treatment, CD44-SPIONPs induced CSCs to undergo programmed death. The inhibitory ratio of the treated group was 33.43%, and necrotic areas in the tumor tissue were mainly distributed around the magnetic fluid.ConclusionThese results demonstrate that it is possible to kill CSCs using targeted magnetic nanoparticles and an AMF and that magnetic fluid hyperthermia significantly inhibited the growth of grafted Cal-27 tumors in mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>CD44-Targeted Magnetic Nanoparticles Kill Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Stem Cells In An Alternating Magnetic Field</p>

Su¹,

Liu²,

Chen³

et al. 2019

IJN

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“…Labeled cells will be transmitted into a column placed in a strong magnetic field, where cells expressing the antigen will bind to the magnetic beads via the antibodies and remain in the column, while all other cells not expressing the antigen will come off the column and be washed away [56]. Compared to FACS, which is a multiparametric method, the MACS method is simpler without the staining step and requires less complicated equipment, but it cannot isolate cells with multiple markers simultaneously, and therefore the efficacy is less satisfactory [56]. The detailed experimental steps for isolation of BCSCs based on cell surface markers can be found in the molecular biology protocol by Jia X et al [104].…”

Section: Isolation With Cell Surface Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast Cancer Stem Cells: Biomarkers, Identification and Isolation Methods, Regulating Mechanisms, Cellular Origin, and Beyond

Zhang

Powell

2020

Cancers

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Despite recent advances in diagnosis and treatment, breast cancer (BC) is still a major cause of cancer-related mortality in women. Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are a small but significant subpopulation of heterogeneous breast cancer cells demonstrating strong self-renewal and proliferation properties. Accumulating evidence has proved that BCSCs are the driving force behind BC tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, drug resistance, and recurrence. As a heterogeneous disease, BC contains a full spectrum of different BC subtypes, and different subtypes of BC further exhibit distinct subtypes and proportions of BCSCs, which correspond to different treatment responses and disease-specific outcomes. This review summarized the current knowledge of BCSC biomarkers and their clinical relevance, the methods for the identification and isolation of BCSCs, and the mechanisms regulating BCSCs. We also discussed the cellular origin of BCSCs and the current advances in single-cell lineage tracing and transcriptomics and their potential in identifying the origin and lineage development of BCSCs.

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“…Due to the abundance of isolation methods, different isolation methods have been reported to identify the same CSC with a different cellular phenotype (71). A common method to identify CSCs is to examine the stemness of isolated cells based on three major characteristics: i) Unlimited proliferation ability; ii) self-renewal ability; and iii) strong tumorigenesis (71). Since the concept of CSCs was first introduced, scientists have attempted to isolate CSCs from human ESCC cell lines and tissues.…”

Section: Identification Of Escc Cscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer stem cells in esophageal squamous cell cancer (Review)

et al. 2019

Oncol Lett

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Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are hypothesized to govern the origin, progression, drug resistance, recurrence and metastasis of human cancer. CSCs have been identified in nearly all types of human cancer, including esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). Four major methods are typically used to isolate or enrich CSCs, including: i) fluorescence-activated cell sorting or magnetic-activated cell sorting using cell-specific surface markers; ii) stem cell markers, including aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1; iii) side population cell phenotype markers; and iv) microsphere culture methods. ESCC stem cells have been identified using a number of these methods. An increasing number of stem cell signatures and pathways have been identified, which have assisted in the clarification of molecular mechanisms that regulate the stemness of ESCC stem cells. Certain viruses, such as human papillomavirus and hepatitis B virus, are also considered to be important in the formation of CSCs, and there is a crosstalk between stemness and viruses-associated genes/pathways, which may suggest a potential therapeutic strategy for the eradication of CSCs. In the present review, findings are summarized along these lines of inquiry.

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Current approaches in identification and isolation of cancer stem cells

Cited by 73 publications

References 137 publications

<p>CD44-Targeted Magnetic Nanoparticles Kill Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Stem Cells In An Alternating Magnetic Field</p>

<p>CD44-Targeted Magnetic Nanoparticles Kill Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Stem Cells In An Alternating Magnetic Field</p>

Breast Cancer Stem Cells: Biomarkers, Identification and Isolation Methods, Regulating Mechanisms, Cellular Origin, and Beyond

Cancer stem cells in esophageal squamous cell cancer (Review)

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