Current Applications and Future Prospects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy

Sansone, Valerio; Frairia, Roberto; Brañes, Manuel; Romeo, Placido; Catalano, M.; Applefield, Rachel C.

doi:10.1159/000485072

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In addition, numerous copies of protein receptors helps VLPs to be recognized by bacteria and mammalian cells. Also, their encapsulated viral genomes could be useful as a therapeutic cargo [114,115]. Because VLPs are natural, they provide easy surface functionalization via different surface chemistry approaches that have been well discussed in the literature [116].…”

Section: Virus-like Particles (Vlps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in porphyrin-based nanocomposites for effective targeted imaging and therapy

et al. 2020

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Porphyrins are organic compounds that continue to attract much theoretical interest, and have been called the "pigments of life". They have a wide role in photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy, along with uses in magnetic resonance, fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging. There is a vast range of porphyrins that have been isolated or designed, but few of them have real clinical applications. Due to the hydrophobic properties of porphyrins, and their tendency to aggregate by stacking of the planar molecules they are difficult to work with in aqueous media. Therefore encapsulating them in nanoparticles (NPs) or attachment to various delivery vehicles have been used to improve delivery characteristics. Porphyrins can be used in a composite designed material with properties that allow specific targeting, immune tolerance, extended tissue lifetime and improved hydrophilicity. Drug delivery, healing and repairing of damaged organs, and cancer theranostics are some of the medical uses of porphyrin-based nanocomposites covered in this review.

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Section: Virus-like Particles (Vlps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in porphyrin-based nanocomposites for effective targeted imaging and therapy

et al. 2020

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“…Furthermore, the observed stimulation of chondrocyte proliferation and hypertrophy induced by rSWT was partially linked to local upregulation of Gli1 in cultured metatarsal bones 10 . Interestingly, previous in vitro studies revealed that high-energy shock wave treatment increased the uptake of chemotherapy agents 13 , thereby lowering the dose of the drug when applied to cell lines derived from human osteosarcoma 14 , human colorectal adenocarcinoma 15 , and anaplastic thyroid cancer 16 . The effect was mediated by a transient increase in cell membrane permeability allowing passage of a higher concentration of the drug 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radial shock waves prevent growth retardation caused by the clinically used drug vismodegib in ex vivo cultured bones

Ramesh

Sävendahl

Madhuri

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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In childhood medulloblastoma patients, the hedgehog antagonist vismodegib is an effective anticancer treatment but unfortunately induces irreversible growth arrests and growth impairment limiting its use in skeletally immature patients. We hypothesized that radial shock wave treatment (rSWT) may protect drug-induced growth impairment owing to its osteogenic effects. Fetal rat metatarsal bones were exposed to vismodegib (day 0-5; 100 nM) and/or rSWT (single session); other bones from day 1 were continuously exposed to a Gli1 antagonist (GANT61; 10 µM) and/or rSWT (single session). Control bones were untreated. The bone length was measured at intervals; histomorphometric analysis and immunostaining for PCNA, Gli1, and Ihh were performed on the sectioned bones. Bones treated with vismodegib showed impaired bone growth, reduced height of the resting-proliferative zone and reduced hypertrophic cell size compared to control. In vismodegib treated bones, a single session of rSWT partially rescued bone growth, increased the growth velocity, hypertrophic cell size, and restored growth plate morphology. Bones exposed to GANT61 showed impaired bone growth and disorganized growth plate while when combined with rSWT these effects were partially prevented. Locally applied rSWT had a chondroprotective effect in rat metatarsal bones and suggest a novel strategy to prevent growth impairment caused by vismodegib. Hedgehog (Hh) proteins are well-known to be overexpressed in paediatric medulloblastoma 1. Mutations that occur in the family of Hh-pathway genes such as patched-1, suppressor of fuse and smoothened leads to an increased level of the glioma-associated oncogene (Gli1), a downstream transcription factor of Hh 2. In the clinic, hedgehog inhibitors are used to decrease the Hh-activity and thereby impede tumor progression 3-5. However, stable expression of the Hh-gene is essential to maintain chondrocyte proliferation and hypertrophy during bone growth 6. A recent study reported that prolonged exposure to vismodegib, a Hh-antagonist, in children with medulloblastoma resulted in irreversible growth plate fusion causing growth arrest of long bones 7,8. Preclinical studies in young mice exposed to a Hh-antagonist also showed growth arrests and bone growth defects 9. Mechanistic studies revealed that even brief exposure to a Hh-inhibitor was enough to damage the growth plates by diminishing the numbers of reserve and proliferative chondrocytes 9. These findings further imply that it may not be possible to arrive at a dose that selectively targets tumor growth with no side-effects on bone development. Therefore, in children, a protective strategy for growth plate shielding without interfering with the desired anticancer effects of vismodegib in the neural tissue is highly desired. In vitro studies using cultured rat metatarsal bones 10 and in vivo studies in rabbits 11 and humans 12 have shown that radial shock wave treatment (rSWT), a non-invasive modality used in the clinic, have stimulatory effects on bone growth 10. Furthermore...

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“…It also causes vascular destruction within the tumor, leading to necrosis in certain areas [Hoshi et al 1991;Gamarra et al 1993b]. Shock waves can also induce cellular damage, enhancing apoptosis [Russo et al 1986], and lead to cellular death due to cavitation effects generated by the negative pressure following the positive shock front [Sansone et al 2018]. Furthermore, pressure changes produced by the therapy can alter stresses within the tumor, potentially affecting cell proliferation [Steinhauser 2016].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On explicit exponential integrators in the solution of elastic wave propagation equations

Ravelo

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Current Applications and Future Prospects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy

Cited by 4 publications

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Recent advances in porphyrin-based nanocomposites for effective targeted imaging and therapy

Recent advances in porphyrin-based nanocomposites for effective targeted imaging and therapy

Radial shock waves prevent growth retardation caused by the clinically used drug vismodegib in ex vivo cultured bones

On explicit exponential integrators in the solution of elastic wave propagation equations

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